1100 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



destroyed all the foliage on young apple trees and from 40 to 50 per cent of the 

 foliage on old trees when applied in July and August. The cost of the material 

 makes it unsuited for orchard work. 



Con-Sol is a concentrated solution of lime, sulphur, and salt. It was applied at 

 different strengths on April 22. This remedy appeared to he quite effective against 

 San Jose scale when diluted in 4 times its volume of water. The cost, however, is 

 too great for commercial work. A solution of the Con-Sol strong enough to kill San 

 Jose scale seriously injures foliage if applied in summer. 



A comparison of these remedies with lime, sulphur, anil salt shows that the cost 

 of the latter is ahout 1 ct. per gallon, that of Con-Sol 20 cts. per gallon, and that of 

 Kilscale 15 to 16 cts. The lime-sulphur-salt wash is an effective remedy against the 

 San Jose scale. 



San Jose scale in West Virginia, F. E. Brooks and \V. E. Rumsey ( West Vir- 

 ginia Sta. Spec. Bui. 3, pp. 135-141, fig*- *>)■ — Brief notes are given on the appearance, 

 habits, life history, and means of combating this pest. The authors recommend 

 the use of lime-sulphur wash for this purpose. 



How to kill the San Jose scale, E. P. Felt (Gard. May., 1 (1905), No. 1, pp. 

 22, 23, figs. 9). — Brief notes are given on the remedies which have been found most 

 effective in controlling this insect. In most localities lime-sulphur washes are con- 

 sidered the best insecticides for San Jose scale. 



The Putnam scale, T. D. A. Cockerell (Proc. Davenport Acad. Set., 9 (1901- 

 1903), pp. 61, 62). — Brief notes are given on references to the early literature of this 

 species, with an account of its distribution in New Mexico. 



The grape phylloxera, J. M. Aldrich (Idaho Sta. Bid. 46, pp. 7). — This pest 

 was first discovered in Idaho in 1901 and has since spread considerably despite the 

 efforts to eradicate it. American grapes are chiefly affected on the leaves while 

 European varieties are attacked on the roots. The occurrence of the winged brood 

 has not thus far been observed in Idaho. On account of the long immunity in Idaho 

 to the attacks of this pest European grapes were grown on their own roots and there 

 are no vineyards grafted on American roots. It is believed that this operation will 

 become necessary as a result of the spread of phylloxera. 



Forest entomology, A. T. Gillanders (Trans. Highland and Agr. Soc. Scotland, 

 5. ser., 17 (1905), pp. 19--'>7, Jigs. ///). — Attention is given in this article to a discus- 

 sion of mites, plant lice, and scale insects injurious to forest trees. 



A number of mites belonging to the genera Phytoptus and Eriophyes cause injuries 

 to the leaves and other tissues of forest trees. The life history and habits of various 

 plant lice and Coccidpe are discussed in considerable detail, some of the more im- 

 portant species being scurfy scale, oyster-shell bark-louse, Asterolecanium variolosum, 

 Crgptococcus fagi, etc. For the destruction of scale insects the author recommends 

 the application of a mixture containing caustic soda, pearl ash, soft soap, and water. 



A remarkable plant louse on maples, B. Wahl (Ztschr. Landw. Yersuchw. 

 Oesterr., 7 (1904), No. 11, pp. 793-796, fig. 1). — A number of species of plant lice 

 were observed on maples in the vicinity of Vienna. Particular attention is given in 

 this article to ChaUophorus tesludinatus. This insect is especially injurious to young 

 trees, but may be quite harmful to all maples. The author recommends spraying 

 with tobacco extract or kerosene emulsion. 



Beetles attacking rubber, H. N. Ridley (Agr. Bui. Straits and Federated Malay 

 Stales, 3 (1904), No. 10, pp. 419, 420).— Brief notes on a tiger beetle which attacks 

 the shoots of Para rubber. Since these beetles are ordinarily carnivorous in their 

 habits it is not clear whether this tendency to bite rubber plants is very general. 



Mixtures and appliances for spraying, T. C. Johnson ( West Virginia Sta. Bid. 

 93, pp. 65-118, figs. 37). — The usual difficulties met by fruit growers in spraying for 

 insects and fungus diseases are briefly outlined. 



