102 THE LIFE OF DEVILS LAKE 



similarity of fauna and flora in these lakes, as compared with 

 Devils Lake, in correspondence with their similarity in physical and 

 chemical characteristics. 



Like Devils Lake, the Quill Lakes are shallow and of high 

 salinity (about 11000 ppm. of total solids in Little Quill and 

 16500 in Big Quill). The study of the Quill Lakes has been too 

 brief to permit of any comparison between their life and that of 

 Devils Lake, either as to quality or quantity, but a few points may be 

 noted. In both Diaptomus sicilis appears to be the principal crus- 

 tacean with Hyalella azteca a common species. Cyclops viridis is 

 represented in Devils Lake by var. americanus and in the Quill 

 Lakes by parens. Laophonte calamorum, a new species from the 

 Quill Lakes, occurs in the Devils Lake complex, altho it has not yet 

 been found in the main body of Devils Lake. The Odonata are 

 represented in Devils Lake by Enallagmia sp. and in the Quill Lakes 

 by E. calverti ? It is interesting to note the presence of caddis fly 

 larvae (Phryganea interrupta in the Quill Lakes and what is prob- 

 ably the same species in Devils Lake) as these are characteristically 

 fresh water inhabitants. 



The presence of numerous gastropod shells along the lake shores, 

 but the absence of their occupants in the water is noticeable in both 

 regions. 



Sticklebacks are the principal species of fish in both waters, 

 but the presence of other species in the Quill Lakes and their ab- 

 sence from Devils Lake is a noticeable difference.* In both regions 

 the sticklebacks are frequently infected with large tapeworms 

 in the eelome, the identity of which has not been determined. 



The algae reported from the Quill Lakes are, in most cases, 

 species occurring in Devils Lake. Of particular interest is Nodularia 

 spumigena which is abundant in the Quill Lakes and is one of the 

 characteristic forms in Devils Lake, but is not common elsewhere. 

 Of much interest also are the diatoms. Seven of these, which are 

 characteristically marine types, are reported by Bailey (1922) from 

 the Quill Lakes, of which three, either identical or closely related 

 forms (Chaetoceros, Surirella striatula and ovalis) are common to 

 both regions. 



Among the sandhill lakes of Nebraska are found waters o4 

 similar character to Devils Lake, the algae of which have been 

 studied by Andersen and Walker (1920). 



Detailed analyses of these lakes are not available, but they 

 range from comparatively fresh waters (111 ppm. of "alkali") to 

 highly alkaline ones (1129 ppm.). While the depth of only one is 

 given, they are apparently all shallow (under 3 m.) Since the 

 periods and localities of collection were not the same in all, an exact 



•For a further discussion of this question s'ee Young (1923, pp. 387-8). 



