APPENDIX. 



SYNONYMY OF THE SPICULAR TERMINOLOGY. 



The synonymy here given does not pretend to be complete. It is intended for the use of those who are 

 already acquainted with the principal terms used by otlier authors. For further synonyms of continental 

 authors vide Vosmaer's article on the Porifera (p. 151) in Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs. 



The symbol = must here be interpreted in a wide sense. The terms used by us include but are not 

 necessarily co-extensive with those of other authors given. 



1. Megasdera 



Oxea 

 Tornota 

 Strongyla 

 Tylota 



Slyli 



Tylostyli 



SuhtyJostyli 



Cladostrongyla 



Cladotylota 



2. Microsdera 



Rhaphides 



Trichodragmata 



Toxa 



Toxodragmafa 



Sigmata 



Sigmadragmaia 



Diandstra 



Chelx 



Isodielx 



Anisodielx 



BijMdlli 



Spirulx 



Discastra 

 Ampldastra 



skeleton spicules (audorum). 



acerates (Bowerbank); ac.-, ac. ac. (Vosmaer). 



hastately pointed acerates. 



cylindricals (Bowerbank, &c.); tr.- (Vosmaer). 



biclavated cylindricals (Bowerbank); bicapitate cylindricals; tibieUs (Carter); 



tr"- (Vosmaer). 

 acuates (Bowerbank); tr. ac. (Vosmaer). 

 spinulates (Bowerbank); tr°ac (Vosmaer). 

 subspinulates (audorum). 

 (new type). 



spinulo-recurvo-quaternates (? &c.) (Bowerbank). 

 flesh spicules {audorum). 

 trichites {audiyrum). 

 trichite sheaves, or bundles {audonun). 



tricurvates {audorum) ; tricurvato-acerates (Bowerbank) ; /\ (Vosmaer). 

 tricurvate sheaves. 



bihamates (Bowerbank); CV3 (Vosmaer). 

 bihamate sheaves. 



trenchant bihamates (Bowerbank) ; ^i^ (Vosmaer). 

 anchorates (Bowerbank). 



equianchorates (Bowerbank); anc- (Vosmaer); rut." (Vosmaer). 

 inequianchorates (Bowerbank); anc. anc. (Vosmaer); rut. rut. (Vosmaer). 

 bipociUate bihamates (Bowerbank) ; grotesque spicules (Carter), 

 multiangulated cylindricals, spinulo-multiangulated cylindricals, elongo-attenu- 



ato-stellates (Bowerbank); spini-spiruli'e (Carter), 

 sceptrellaj (Carter), 

 birotulates (Bowerbank); amphidisks {audorum). 



