72 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



ing the odx from one tree to another is about 10 minutes. The advantages claimed 

 for this fumigator are that its cubic contents may be accurately computed, that the 

 same amount of chemicals will be used for each charge, thus avoiding extra weigh- 

 ings, that fewer men are required to handle it, and that the fumigator does not rest 

 upon the tree and is therefore not likely to break the limbs. 



Apiculture, A. Gale {Ayr. (t<iz. New South IFafes, IJ {1901), No. 1, pp. 21.i-:n7, 

 pL 1 ). — The author gives a brief historical account of the development of apiculture 

 in New South Wales, with reference to the more important bee diseases. 



The natural history of the honeybee, G. Kozhevnikov {Malerkdid po edcMnn- 

 nol wtorii jx'lielui Moscow: Imperial Society of Naturalists, Anthropoloyists, and Ethnol- 

 ogists, 1900, pp. 144, pis. 3, figs. 43; ahs. in Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 199 {1900), Oct., pp. 

 282, 283). — The author discusses in detail the different forms of Apis melUfica occur- 

 ring in the colony, and gives a brief accouni of .1. dorsata and A. Jlorea. 



Do bees eat fruit? ( (AdifOrnia Cull., K: {1901), 'No. 5, p. 69). — A. J. Cook dis- 

 cusses this subject by way of answering correspondence relating to the p()ssil)le 

 injury of fruit by bees. It is believed that the mouth parts of l^ees are so constructed 

 that they might be used in injuring fruit, though the evidence at hand indicates that 

 this is seldom the case. 



rormaldehyde vapors for combating foul brood of bees, B. Galli-Valerio 

 {('enthl. llakt. n. Par., 1. Aht.,J9 (J9ol), No. 4, ]>]>■ 1-^7-1^9, figs. 2). — In preliminary 

 experiments with this substance tlie author made use of frames I'ontaining larvae 

 infested with foul brood. Small portions of the comb were exposed in glass, vessels 

 to the vapor of formaldehyde for one-quarter of an hour. This treatment was found 

 to have destroyed the bacillus of foul brood. The experiments were repeated on a 

 larger scale by a practical bee keeper with satisfactory results, and a lamp has been 

 devised which is especially adapted for fumigating infested colonies in the hive. 

 Very fav(^rable results have been obtained from its use. A detailed description is 

 given of the lamp. 



Foul brood of bees, F. C. Harrison ( Ontario Ayr. Col. and Expt. Farm Bid. 112, 

 pp. 32,mpls. 4). — This article has already been noted from anotht-r source (E. S. R., 

 12, p. 986). 



Some experiments in the exportation of beneficial insects, F. M. Webster 

 ( Canad. Ent., 33 {1901), No. ^, pp. 5S, .59) . — The author refers briefly to experiments 

 in shipping species of lady bug beetles from Ohio to South Africa. Numerous speci- 

 mens of several species were sent with good results in the case of Pcntilia inisella. 



FOODS-^NUTRITION. 



Experiments on the effect of muscular work upon the digestibility of food 

 and the metabolism of nitrogen, conducted at the University of Tennessee,, 

 1897-1899, C. E. Wait { ('. S. Dipt. Ayr., Ofiirr of Experiment Stations Bid. 89, 

 pp. 77). — This bulletin is in continuation of previous work (E. S. R., 10, p. 171), and 

 reports 16 experiments. With one exception they are divided into three periods, 

 during two of which the subject (in every case a young man in health) performed 

 little or no nmscular work, while during the third j)eriod he had more or less exer- 

 cise. The digestibility of the diet and tlie balance of income and outgo of nitrogen 

 were determined in all the periods with a view to learning the effects of nmscular 

 work. During the majority of the work jieriods and some of the rest j>eriods the 

 outgo of nitrogen in the urine was determined in portions corresponding to 6-hour 

 intervals. 



"The nmscular work performed during the work period of the experiments carried 

 on [during the first year] was not at all severe. There was, moreover, a slight 

 increase of nitrogen in the diet during the work period, in addition to a large increase 

 of energy from additional fats and carbohydrates in the ration (in some cases as 



