HORTICULTURE. 137 



It is l)flicvc'd that witli a larirc orclitml and skilk'd hilmr tlu; cost ..f lliinniii" could 

 l)t' iiiiisidiTahly rediu-i'd. 



Tilt' varit'tics (i£ peadics sh(>vviii<,' the greatest vahic wi-rt- Moutitain Rose, St. Jolin, 

 Karly Crawford, Old Mixon, Chainpion, and Elljorta. To this li.st Crosby and 

 Dennis may ])e added for home use. Abundance and Burbank are among the most 

 satisfactory Japanese plums grown, while the best of the American i)lums are Wild 

 Goose, Hawkeye, Hanunar, and Gold or Golden. Cuthbert and Loudon have given 

 the best results with raspben-ies, with the King as the In-st early variety. Pomona 

 is considered the best-tlavored red currant, and the White Imperial the Ijest among 

 the -.vhite kinds. The (3 heaviest yielding strawberries were Sauiple, Glen Mary, 

 Biandywine, Haverland, Clyde, and Ruby. 



The chemical composition of one-year-old wood of orchard fruits according 



to the four cardinal points, K. Otto [Gurtciijlom, oO{1'j01), Xu. 7, jq). 177-181). 



Branches from apples, pears, and cherries from the north, ea.st, south, and west sides 

 of the trees, respectively, and from the top, lower, and middle portions were taken, 

 carefully drieil, and ground into powder and analyzed with respect to dry substance, 

 ash, and nitrogen content. The i;ontent of the ash in phosphoric acid, potash, and 

 magnesia was also deterndned. The results of the analyses are tabulated and dis- 

 cussed. They show no regular variation whatever in the composition of tlu^ wood 

 from the different i)arts of the tree as regards the cardinal p(jints of the I'ompass. 



Apples of the Fameuse type, F. A. Waugii ( Vermont Stu. JJnl. S.i, j'V- i>'i-'J^, 

 pis. 4)- — The Fameuse ap2>le is taken as a central type of several different varieties 

 of the Fameuse group, "all differing measurably from Fameuse, Ijiit all conforming 

 closely enough to the Fameuse type so that their close relationship with one another 

 and with the Fameuse may be readily recognized by the pomologist." The Shia- 

 wassee, Mcintosh, etc., belong to this group. 



In the opinion of the author, the Fameuse originated in Canada from seed brought 

 from France between 1600 and 1650. It was introduced into Vermont from C-anada 

 about 1700. 



The Fameuse is a favorite dessert apple almost every where, is a i)r(ititable commer- 

 cial variety in several important apple-growing districts, the central being the island 

 of ]\Iontreal, and has a strong tendency to reproduce itself from seed. The author 

 states that St. Lawrence presents a closely related but separate type. Jonathan, too, 

 is perha])S closely allied to Fameuse. Historical and descriptive notes are given of 

 12 varieties of apples belonging to the Fameuse group. 



The Montmorency cherries, G. H. Powell {A)ner. Gard., 22 {1901), No. :i2'.), \q>. 

 260,267). — The author considers the Montmorency cherry, Long-Steunned INIont- 

 morency, and Montmorejicy Ordinaire all synonyms for the same variety, and is 

 convinced that there is but one JNIontmorency in commercial orchards in America, 

 the MontuKjrency calle<l Ordinaire, by error. 



The date palm for Queensland, T. M. Macknight {(Queensland Ayr. Jour., 8 

 {1901), No. 3, pp. 197-202). — A general article giving the halntat of the date palm, 

 botany, methods of propagation and fecundation, treatment of fruits, food constitu- 

 ents, etc. It is believed that (.Queensland is Avell adapted to growing tlie better 

 varieties of dates. 



Fig-s under glass {Jour. Hort., 53 {1901), No. 2738, p. 246). — This article dis- 

 cusses the forcing-house management and best varieties of figs to grow under glass. 



Analyses of the olive, F. Bracci {Stuz. Sper. Ayr. lUd., 32 {1899), p. 161; aUs. in 

 (Jentbl. Ayr. ('licm., 29 {1900), No. 10,])]). 673-675). — Analyses of the wood, leaves, 

 and fruit of the olive and the amounts of fertilizing ingredients removed per hectare 

 are reported. 



Pruning and training peach orchards, R. H. Price ( Te.Kas Sia. Bui. 58, pp. 27- 

 42,fiyx. 15). — A series of cuts are given and explained which show proper and faulty 

 methods of pruning the peach in Texas. The form which a tree assumes in a 



