DISEASES OF PLANTS. 153 



this Dt'partnieiit (E. S. R., 4, p. 498). The author beheves that its spread may be 

 prevented ]>y the phinting of resistant varieties, some of which are briefly descriljed. 



The causes of gray rot of grapes, J. Dufour ( (Jhron. Agr. Canton Vtmd, 14 

 {1901), No. J, pp. S8-4^). — The gray rot of grapes is said to have been exceedingly 

 troublesome in parts of France during the season of 1900. In some regions it was 

 reported to have very seriously diminishetl the grape crop. The disease is due to 

 Botriftis chierea. Tlie fungus is dejieudent for its development upon somewhat pecul- 

 iar atmospheric conditions which were i)resent during the season. August was very 

 dry au<l warm, followed in September and October by heavy rains, which produced 

 tlic pr(4)er I'onditions for the ra|)id development of the fungus. 



Treatment of anthracnose, with a comparison of the effects of various 

 sprays and dressings, E. H. Kainford {Queensland Agr. Jour., 7 {I'JOO), No. 6, pp. 

 5J9-5oJ). — The author has investigated different means for the prevention of grape 

 anthracnose. The object of his experiments was to compare the effect of different 

 sprays and winter treatments. Winter treatments with a 10 per cent solution of sul- 

 phuric acid and a mixture of lime and sulphur were compared with sprays of eau 

 celeste. Burgundy mixture, and Bordeaux mixture. The results obtained showed 

 no appreciable superiority of either of the sprays over the other, but the acid dress- 

 ing proved much more effective than the lime and sulphur mixture. The result of 

 this one experiment seems to indicate that the disease maybe controlled; but the 

 experiments have not been carried sufficiently far to warrant definite recommenda- 

 tions regarding them. 



The chrysanthemum rust, E. Jacky {Ztschr. Pflanzenkrank., 10 {1900), No. 3-4, 

 pp. 13-2-142, Jigs. 6). — According to the author, the chrysanthemum rust made its 

 appearance in England in 1895, and was reported 2 years later as occurring on the 

 continent of Europe. The species of rust is Puccmia cliri/santhetni and it has been 

 claimed to be identical with P. tanaceti, but inoculation experiments have shown that 

 the 2 species are not identical. Numerous experiments made by the author and 

 others to determine the hosts of this fungus are reported, from which it appears that 

 it is specialized on Chrysanthemum indicum. Inoculations by the author upon other 

 species of Chrysanthemum, Tanacetum vulgare, T. balsamita, Artemisia campestrv^, 

 Hieradum aurantiacum, and the dandelion, were unsuccessful. The fungus is de- 

 scribed and its distribution indicated. As means for its prevention the author recom- 

 mends careful attention and isolation of diseased plants, avoiding rooting any that 

 have been attacked by the rust. The difference in susceptibility of different varieties 

 as reported in England and in the United States is noted, but in Germany the author 

 says no one variety seems more susceptil)le than the other. It is said that a great 

 many fungicides have been unsuccessfully used for the prevention of this disease, 

 but the author tliinks the experiments were not carefully conducted, and is inclined 

 to believe that Bordeaux mixture may be of value in preventing its spread. 



A disease of carnations caused by Fusarium dianthi, G. Delacroix {Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Scl. Paris, 131 {1900), No. 23, pp. 961-963).— This disease was first 

 described by L. Mangin (E. S. R., 11, p. 860). Later the author, associated with 

 E. Priilieux, described the disease as due to one of the imperfect fungi, to which the 

 name Fu.sarium dianthi, n. sp., was given. Since that time the studies luive been 

 continued and additional information gathered, which confirms them in their opinion 

 as to the cause of this disease. The organism is in the main a soil fungus, and as 

 a preventive treatment it is suggested that all badly diseased material sliould be 

 burned, contaminated soil should not be used for growing carnations for a number 

 of years, and in forming cuttings to be certain that they do not come from infested 

 regions. Experiments were conducted with carl)on bisulphid, sulphate of iron, 

 formaldehyde, and naphthol, from which it was found that all, with the exception 

 of the last, would i)revent the germination of the spores and the si^reatl of the 

 disease. 



