VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 183 



from California was studied witli tlic result tliat a hemorrhagic eoudition was found 

 with a luicroorganisin similar, if not identical, with that of fowl cholera. 



The Seventh International Veterinary Congress, B. A. Noiujaakd ( C. S 

 Dipt. Af/r., Hnrmu of Animal hidiixtri/ Rj>t. 1S99, pp. .'>.i4-o.57).—Thii author gives a 

 general account of the work of this congress, which was held at Baden-Baden, Ger- 

 many, August 7-12, 1899. The paper l»y Professor Bang, on preventive measures 

 against tuberculosis, is reprinted in full, and brief accounts are given of other discus- 

 sions on tuberculosis, foot-and-mouth disease, milk inspection, the i)revention of 

 swint epizootics, etc. 



Researches on the treatment of tuberculous animals according to the 

 method of Landerer, and on the virulence of tubercle bacilli, E. Kromi-ecukk 

 {A)tii. Inst. Pdstcm; U {1900), No. 11, pp. 72.3-749).— Yov the purpose of determining 

 the action of cinnamic acid in curing and preventing tuberculosis and of determinin"' 

 the reaction of animals to tubercle ])acilli of varying degrees of virulence, the author 

 conducted a large numl>er of experiments, of which the principal results are herein 

 stateil. Landerer in work along the same line claime<l both curative and preventive 

 power toward tuberculosis for cinnamon. The author emi)loyed slightly alkaline, 

 sterilized cinnamate of soda in a 4 per cent solution. Rabbits w'ere inoculated with 

 this substance in the vein of the ear and guinea pigs in the peritoneum or hypoder- 

 mii-ally. For tubercular material with which to inoculate these animals after a pre- 

 liminary treatment with cinnamate of soda the author used pure cultures of tubercle 

 bacillus of human origin 3 weeks of age. During some weeks and months the author 

 treated the experimental animals with cinnamate of soda and later inoculated them 

 with the tubercular bacilli. Treatment with cinnamate of soda was given once or 

 twice per week. Rabbits received intravenously each time from 0.1 to 0.4 gm., doses 

 of 0.6 to 0.8 gm. having proved harmful. Guinea pigs received from 0.1 to 0.2 gm. 

 of a 2 per cent solution. These experiments demonstrated that a treatment for a 

 period of 2J to 4 months, during which the experimental animals received from 1.9 

 to 3.15 gm. of cinnamate of soda, had no tendency in an}*case to produce immunity 

 or to retard the course of the disease. The animals which were treated succumbed 

 to generalized tuberculosis in from 1 to 2 months after inoculation, as did al.=:o the 

 check animals. 



In order to test the supposed therapeutic action of cinnamate of soda, the author 

 inoculated rabbits and guinea pigs with the tubercle bacillus and began a treatment 

 with the cinnamate from 2 to 28 days afterwards. The cinnamate was given regularly 

 twice a week in doses of from 0.10 to 0.15 gm. Animals which were thus treated 

 succumbed to tuberculosis within from 1 to 3 months, as did also the check animals. 

 During these experiments it was noted that intravenous injections of cinnamate of 

 soda produced a marked leucocytosis and hypera'mia of the bone marrow. The ani- 

 mals increased somewhat in size. The conclusion is drawn that cinnamate of soda 

 has no effect in producing imnuinity against tuberculosis or in curing cases which 

 already exist. 



In order to study in detail the virulence of different tubercle bacilli, the author 

 made further studies of 7 cultures, 3 of which were taken from tul)erculosis of mam- 

 mals, 3 from birds, and one from fishes. The results from inoculating guinea pigs 

 with tubercle bacilli from these three sources may be briefly compared. Virulent 

 tubercle bacilli produced a rapidly progressing tuberculosis, with the development 

 of tubercles in which caseous material was formed. Nonvirulent tubercle bacilli, as 

 well as tul)erc!e bacilli from fish, did not cause any apparent disturl)ances in the 

 health of the animal, although slight microscopic changes were produced, which 

 were characterized by the ajjpearance of giant cells surrounde<l by other spherical 

 cells. 



The author tried experiments to determine the action of tubercle l)acilli subjected 

 to a temperature of 120° C. Virulent bacilli subjected to this teuiperature, when 



