190 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



(logfi, and hogs-. The legions produced by the hog-cholera bacilhi^; are compared 

 with tho!^e produced in the same animals by B. iderokks, and found to be in general 

 very f^imilar. Details are given of the macroscopical and microscopical pathogenical 

 lesions on animals artificially infected with the bacilli. 



The close affinity of B. ideroiilcn and the hog-cholera bacillus is indicated Ijy the 

 following facts: Sterilized cultures of B. ideroides protected guinea pigs against a 

 fatal dose of the hog-cholera bacillus. SteriUzed cultures of the hog-cholera bacillus 

 protected these animals against a fatal dose of B. ideroides. Rabbits may be immu- 

 nized against a virulent culture of the hog-cholera bacillus by repeated doses of a 

 living culture of B. ideroides of weak virulence. The bacilli possess, therefore, the 

 power of reciprocal iumiunization. An equally pronounced reciprocal agglutinative 

 reaction is also obtained from the blood of animals artificially inoculated with B. 

 ideroides and the hog-cholera bacillus. 



The authors conclude that B. X belongs to the colon group, while B. ideroides is 

 a member of the hog-cholera group. The channel of infection, the duration of the 

 disease, and the lesions in mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits are the same for B. ider- 

 oides and the hog-cholera bacillus. B. ideroides, when fed to pigs, causes fatal infec- 

 tion, accompanied by diphtheritic and ulcerative lesions in the digestive tract, such 

 as are seen in hogs when infected with the hog-cholera bacillus. The disease may 

 be acquired by exposing hogs in pens already infected with B. ideroides, or by feed- 

 ing them the organisms. While the blood of yellow fever does not exercise a pro- 

 nounced agglutinative action upon B. ideroides, the blood of hog-cholera agglutinates 

 this bacillus in a marked degree. 



Hog-cholera and SAvine-plague investigations in lo'wa ( f; «S'. Dept. Agr., 

 Burtcm of Animal Industry lipt. 1899, jiji. 501, .50J). — The sui)ervision of the work of 

 the Bureau on swine diseases in Iowa is in the hands of Dr. ]\IcBirney. Altogether 

 21,000 animals were treated during the season of 1899. Of the total number of ani- 

 mals treated, about 70.5 per cent survived, while in non treated herds during the 

 years 1896-1899 only about .31 per cent of the hogs survived. 



Our present knowledge of the kidney worm (Sclerostonia pinguicola ) of 

 swine, Louise Tayler [U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Animal Industrg Rpt. 1899, pp. 

 612-637, figs. 16). — The author gives an elaborate account of the synonymy of this 

 species, a description of the internal and external anatomy, and a review of the lit- 

 erature relating to this, subject. On account of the habits of hogs, any practical 

 measures for preventing infection will meet with difficulty. Feeding from clean 

 troughs and supplying an abundance of pure drinking water will diminish the infes- 

 tation of the kidney worm, but will probably not entirely prevent the disease. The 

 kidney worms are not transmissible to man in either the egg or adult condition, and 

 ordinary methods of packing or curing kill all the worms. A bibliography of the 

 kidney worm is appended to the article. 



Diphtheria in horses, L. Cobbett (Centld. Bait. v. Par., 1. Abt., 28 {1900), No. 

 19, pp. 631-684) ■ — A case of diphtheria in a child was traced to a horse which showed 

 a discharge from the nose containing diphtheria bacilli. The animal was killed and 

 cultures made of the bacilli obtained immediately after death. The 1)acillus thus 

 obtained was not to be distinguished from the diphtheria bacillus, and produced the 

 same pathological lesions when inoculated into guinea pigs. The author believes 

 that the observation is of great practical \-alue as showing the possibility of the pres- 

 ence of diphtheria in the nasal passages and larynx of horses, and also the possibility 

 of human infection from this source. It is suggested also that this may help to 

 explain the observed fact that the blood of normal horses often contains active diph- 

 theria antitoxin. 



Experiments with serum and defibrinated blood of animals which had 

 recovered from horse sickness, A. Edington {Jour. Comp. Path, and Titer., 13 

 (1900) , No. 4, pp. 28 1-300). —During these experiments it was found that neither the 



