214 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



which would prevent the fusing of the salts and unite with the volatile 

 substances, like chlorin, sulphuric acid, and phosphoric acid, so as to 

 avoid their loss. 



As an oxygen-furnishing material and to facilitate the incineration 

 Verdeil ^ employed ammonium nitrate, and Keller nitric acid, for animal 

 substances. Platinum sponge was first employed by H. Rose." This 

 material , however, is somewhat expensive. Platinum chlorid, employed 

 by Rose and Fleitman,^ is similar in its action, but naturallj^ the vola- 

 tilization of an indeterminable amount of chlorin from the platinum 

 chlorid renders it impossible to accurately determine the chlorin in the 

 ash. Admixtures of iron oxid, as recommended b}^ Griiger,* and of 

 ferric nitrate, employed by A. Miiller,'' likewise accelerate the com- 

 bustion and may be useful in some cases. In employing mercuric oxid, 

 as practiced by Will, the analyst must guard against the mercury 

 vapor given off. The addition of sand likewise facilitates the burning, 

 and Alberti and HempeP recommend in incinerating sugar products, 

 molasses, etc. , adding a weighed amount of quartz sand, which is after- 

 wards subtracted from the total weight of the ash. However, by the 

 use of sand chlorin, sulphuric acid, and phosphoric acid are at least par- 

 tially driven off. 



Kassner^ mixed calcium plumbate (Ca^PbOJ with the substance, 

 thereby facilitating the burning, but interfering with the later analysis 

 of the ash. The same objection applies to l^ismuth nitrate, which 

 Bechamp^ recommended. Among other admixtures suggested may 

 be mentioned pumice stone, copper oxid, clay, and magnesia, employed 

 by Donath.^ According to Donath, these are inferior (at least with 

 sugar products) to incineration at first in dilute and later in pure 

 oxygen. Recently H. Wislicenus^" has suggested moistening the 

 greyish ash with pure hydrogen peroxid, which facilitates the com- 

 plete combustion of the carbon. 



Most frequently, however, admixtures of an alkaline character are 

 employed, and these, while facilitating the combustion, are also of 

 real value in preventing the volatilization of chlorin and sulphuric 

 acid, which otherwise are in danger of being lost. Strecker" has 

 employed the addition of baryta, Way and Ogstone ^^ barium nitrate, 



lAnn. Chem. u. Pharm., 69 (1849), p. 89. 

 2 Ann. Phys. u. Chem. [Poggendorff], 80 (1850), p. 101. 

 ^ Jahresber. Chem., 1849, p. 595. 

 *Ann. Chem. u. Pharm., Ill (1859), p. 124. 

 s Jour. Prakt. Chem., 80 (1860), p. 118. 

 «Ztschr. Ver. Dent. Zuckerind., 1891, p. 743. 



'' Ztschr. Analyt. Chem., 30 (1891) , pp. 44, 55; Arch. Pharm., 228 (1890) , pp. 171-178. 

 8 Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 73 (1871) , p. 337. 

 ^Ztechr. Ver. Riibenz. Ind., 1891, p. 740. 

 1" Ztschr. Analyt. Chem., 40 (1901), No. 7, p. 443. 

 "Ann. Chem. u. Pharm., 73 (1850), p. 346. 

 1'^ Jahresber. Chem., 1849, p. 600; Jour. Roy. Agr. Soc. England, 8 (1847), p. 134. 



