238 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



of drought the resuhs were not uniformly satisfactory. The cultural experiments 

 consisted of early and late sowings of turnips, carrots, sugar beets, mangels, potatoes, 

 and fiax; distance experiments with corn, soy beans, horse beans, and potatoes; early 

 and late harvesting of root crops; rotation tests; thick and thin seeding of flax; sowing 

 selected seed of barley; growing mixed-grain crops; sowing wheat, oats, and barley; 

 and planting potatoes at different depths, etc. The fertilizer experiments included 

 tests of barnyard manure and different commercial fertilizers and of clover as a 

 green manure for cereal crops. At Ottawa, turnips and carrots sown May 16 and 

 pulled November 6 gave better returns than when sown May 30 and harvested 

 October 16. Mangels showed only a small advantage from early sowing this season. 

 In previous tests the results of planting potatoes at different dates have indicated 

 that planting after June 24 would not give a fair crop, but in 1900 a good crop was 

 obtained from a planting on July 7. At the station in the Maritime Provinces, 

 turnips, mangels, and carrots were planted on May 28 and June 12, and the yields 

 in every ease were in favor of the earlier planting. A similar test was made at the 

 other stations, but owing to an unfavorable season the results were quite irregular, 

 although in general they favored planting on the earlier date. Experiments in 

 sowing flax at the rate of 40 and 80 lbs. per acre on different dates at 4 of the stations 

 gave varying results, due to some extent to the season. The differences in yield 

 were small in many cases. At the station in the Maritime Provinces the yield of 

 flaxseed was in favor of the heavier and early seeding, while the yield of straw was 

 irregular. The best yields of flax straw at the Manitoba Station were obtained from 

 the heavy seeding made in either of the first three weeks of May, but the yield of 

 seed in this case was not much affected by either the date of seeding or quantity 

 • sown. The results at the Experimental Farm of the Northwest Territories showed 

 the best yield of seed from the light sowing made ^lay 29, and the best yield of straw 

 from the light sowing made May 22. At the British Columbia Station the yields of 

 straw were all in favor of light seeding, while the yields of seed were in favor of the 

 heavy seeding, and the results on the whole favored sowing at an early date. Sugar 

 beets planted June 2 at the Manitoba Station gave better results than beets planted 

 May 19. 



In the distance experiments corn was grown in rows 21, 28, 35, and 42 in. apart, 

 respectively. The best yields in the Maritime Provinces, Manitoba, and Northwest 

 Territories were obtained from rows 21 in. apart, while at Ottawa the results seemed 

 to be in favor of 35 and 42 in. when cut in the early milk stage. Much the best single 

 yield, however, 30 tons and 536 lbs. per acre, when cut in the early milk stage, was 

 obtained from selected Leaming corn sown in rows 21 in. apart. In British Colum- 

 bia corn was grown in hills and drills at these different distances, in the one case the 

 plants being thinned to 6 in. apart in the row, and in the other to 3 or 4 in a hill. 

 In general, the results in both cases favored planting 21 in. apart. Soy beans and 

 horse beans were grown in rows 21, 28, and 35 in. apart at several of the stations. 

 At the Maritime Provinces farm 21 in. was found best for soy beans and 35 in. for 

 horse beans, while at Ottawa the results with horse beans were the same, but with 

 soy beans were best at 28 in. In Manitoba and the Northwest Territories rows 35 in. 

 apart gave the best yields for both crops, while in British Columbia 28 in. for soy 

 beans and 35 in. for horse lieans were found the best distances. Potatoes planted 10, 

 12, 14, 16, and 18 in. apart in rows 2h ft. distant at Ottawa for 5 successive years have 

 given an average yield in favor of planting 12 in. apart in the row. 



A test of various cuttings for potato planting, including seed ends and whole pota- 

 toes and cuttings of 1, 2, 3, and 4 eyes, was conducted at the Manitoba farm, the best 

 average results being from the cuttings with 2 eyes, and a good yield from the seed 

 ends. The whole tuber used as a set gave the largest yield, but the product was very 

 irregular. 



Of 10 varieties of barley grown from selected seed at Ottawa, all gave an increasing 



