ATS^IMAL PRODUCTION. 273 



"The average of the 7 trials, made in l)oth pens and yards, gives results favorable 

 to grass feeding in connection with grain rations. The pen sets having green stuff 

 made 33 per cent greater gains than those without, and required 40 pounds less grain 

 for each 100 pounds of gain. 



"Pasture with grain rations, averaging all the experiments, gave slightly better 

 results than green stuff cut and fed in connection with grain in pens and yards. 

 "Where lands are cheaj) and labor comparatively dear, it seems advisable to follow 

 the pasture uTcthod. 



" Pigs running on pasture with partial grain rations produced gains at the least cost 

 per hundred pounds, the quantities of food required standing in the following rela- 

 tion: Full grain ration 100, three-fourths 94, one-half 82, and one-fourth 66. But 

 the total gains of those receiving full-grain rations were so much greater that even 

 with the smaller rate of profit the total net gain per pig very much exceeded that of 

 the partial ration. 



" In the quantity of grain required for 100 lbs. of gain the sets having a one-fourth 

 grain ration excelled in every test requiring the lowest amount and giving the high- 

 est percentage of profit. 



"In rate of gain the sets receiving a full grain ration were the best in all cases, 

 making the largest total gain and giving decidedly the highest total profit. 



"Alfalfa without other food, whether pastured by pigs or cut and fed to them in 

 pens, furnished only enough nutriment for bare maintenance. When additional 

 food was given the rates of gain were nearly proportional to the extra quantities they 

 received. 



"Alfalfa supplies a good supplementary food in connection with bran and grain, 

 but it is too coarse and bulky to be fed alone to the pig, whose digestive tract is 

 especially adapted to concentrates. Alfalfa hay and sugar beets each give profitable 

 returns in connection with a limited grain ration in winter feeding. 



" In 2 out of 3 experiments better results were obtained by feeding bran and corn 

 meal or ground wheat dry than wet. The average of the 3 tests gives a result slightly 

 favorable to. the dry food in rate of gain, but favorable to the wet in the amount of 

 food required for 100 lbs. gain." 



Miscellaneous tests (pp. 408-412) . — The value of rape for fall feeding was tested with 

 6 pigs weighing about 50 lbs. each. They were fed in a movable pen for 49 days and 

 given daily 1 lb. of bran and chopped wheat, 1:1, per head, in addition to the rape. 

 The average daily gain per head was 0.204 lb. 



In one of the winter feeding tests part of the animals were barrows; the remainder 

 sows. According to the authors the comparison "does not show a marked difference 

 in gains, no more than might easily result from the variation of the pigs selected. 

 Representing the average daily gains of the sows by 100, the barrows stand 95. The 

 above results show but little difference in the feeding qualities of barrows and 

 unspayed sows." 



Gains made by spayed and unspayed sows were compared with 2 lots of 3 animals 

 each. The spayed sows weighed 142 and the unspayed 178 lbs. at the beginning of 

 the trial, which covered 116 days. They were fed barley, l)ran, potatoes, milk, and 

 whey. The average daily gain per head of the spayed sows was 0.82 lb. and of the 

 unspayed, 0.86 lb. 



"In the several tests reported the feeding qualities of unspayed sows were found 

 to be fully equal to or slightly better than those of barrows. 



"In a single test with spayed and unspayed sows, the results were slightly favor- 

 able to the open sows." 



Feeding' pigs on grain alone, grain and sugar beets, and grain and alfalfa, 

 R. 8. 8haw {Montdua Sid. Bid. 21, pp. 2S-:iJ) . — A test was made witli .'! lots of 7 jngs 

 each. During the first period (40 days) of the test lot 1 was given damaged wheat 

 and oats 2:1, and during the second period (26 days) barley and oats 2:1. Lot 2 was 



