ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 275 



"Another lot of 6 pigs, fed on cooked pumpkins, did exceedingly well, making 706 

 lbs. increase in 99 days, at a cost of $2.96 per 100 lbs. gain. They ate 7,500 lbs. 

 pumpkins and 1,602 lbs. meal." 



The Jerusalem artichoke {Hdinnthus iuberoms), J. H. Grisdale {Canada Expt. 

 Farms Epts. 1900, pp. 94, 95). — Six cross-bred pigs were allowed the run of a field of 

 artichokes 10 sq. rods in extent, from October 3 to October 24. They were fed 1\ 

 lbs. of mixed grain per day each in addition to the artichokes, which they gathered. 

 These were eaten greedily. The average daily gain was 1.57 lbs. at a cost of 1.8 cts. 

 per lb. 



Rape {Brassicn napm), J. H. Grisdale {Canada E.vpt. Farms Rpis. 1900, jrp. 91- 

 93). — A test of the value of rape for pigs is briefly reported. .Six pigs pastured on 

 a plat of 30 sq. rods of rape for 114 days and fed grain in addition made an average 

 daily gain of 1.12 lbs. per pig. The profit per pig was $4.73. 



The market classes of horses, E. Davenport {Illinois Sta. Bui. 62, pp. 18-28, 

 fig. 1). — Road, carriage and coach, cab, bus, and draft horses and trotters are 

 described, and their uses pointed out. The fact is noted that aside from these stand- 

 ard classes, horses are required for special purposes. The discussion is summarized 

 as follows: 



"Market classes anct types are fixed not by the breeds but by the uses to which 

 horses are put. As these uses are definite, the type and the class are fixed. 



"As these uses are exceedingly varied, there are often wide gaps between the mar- 

 ket classes. A horse that drops between the classes is a cheap horse, no matter how 

 good an animal, either because there is little use for him or because the supply is 

 unlimited. The best horse to breed is one that most fully meets a definite, constant, 

 and strong demand, and has therefore a high average selling price. 



"The cavalry horse and the fire horse are good examples of valuable horses that 

 the breeder can not undertake to produce because the demand is too limited. The 

 demand for them will always be satisfied from the general supi^ly. Phenomenally 

 high prices are as much due to the fancy of the individual purchaser as to the char- 

 acter of the animal. In any event they are seldom realized and are to be sought by 

 the dealer and not by the breeder, as they represent but one out of hundreds or even 

 thousands — too few to breed for. 



"The farmer should keep himself acquainted with standard classes in steady 

 demand at uniformly good prices, breed these, and pay no regard to high speed, 

 phenomenal sales, or fancy values. ' ' 



Horses, J. H. Grisdale {Canada Expt. Farms Rpis. 1900, pp. 67-69). — Statements 

 are made concerning the horses at the Ottawa Experimental Farm, and the gains or 

 losses in weight are recorded for several horses on oats and barley, corn and oats, 

 ground and unground, and on corn alone. 



Horses, A. Mack ay {Canada Expt. Farms Epts. 1900, p. 431). — A note on the 

 horses at the Indian Head Experimental Farm. 



French stud farm " Le Hara du Pin" {Orgaan Ver. Oudleer. Rijks Landbouw- 

 school, 13 {1901), No. 1,54, p. 86).— A descriiDtive article. 



Concerning the metabolism of horses, N. Zuntz {Landw. Vers. Stat., 55 {1901), 

 No. 1-2, pp. 117-128). — A controversial article. 



Experimental contributions to the theory of heredity, J. C. Ewart ( Trans. 

 Highland and Agr. Sac. Scotland, 5. scr., 13 {1901), j)p. 81-134, figs. 20).— The author 

 reports and discusses his investigations in crossing zebras and horses with especial 

 reference to reversion and telegony (E. S. R., 11, p. 1077). 



Poultry raising, H. C. Gardiner {Montana Sta. Bui. 26, pp. 28, pis. 4, dgms. 2). — 

 The station poultry equipment is described and general statements made concerning 

 breeds, incubation, buildings, brooders, and similar topics, while a test on the value 

 of the flashing point of several samples of oil used for heating incubators is reported. 



