366 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



ments showed that in combating this disease some form of copper, preferably the 

 Bordeaux mixture, gave the best results. 



Concerning the conidial form of the black rot fungus, G. Delacroix {Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 132 {1901), No. 13, pp. 863, 864).—^ brief account is given of 

 the conidial form of the black rot fungus which has been found in a few localities in 

 France. This conidial form has been observed frec^uently in the United States, being 

 most abundant during very rainy seasons. 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



Report of injurious insects and common farm pests during the year 1900, 

 ■with methods of prevention and remedy, Eleanor A. Ormerod {London: Simp- 

 kin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., 1901, pp. Ill, figs. ^7).— This report is the 

 tw-enty-fourth of a series made by the author, and it is indicated that the publication 

 of these reports will not be continued. Laverna atra, known as the pith moth 

 (pp. 1-8), caused injuries to apple trees by tunneling into the stems just beneath the 

 apple blossoms. The only effective preventive measure so far known consists in 

 cutting or breaking off the infested shoots and burning them. The hal)its and life 

 history of the insect are described in detail so far as known. It is not known where 

 the eggs are deposited. Detailed notes are given on the life history and habits of 2 

 ash-bark beetles {Hylesinus fra.i-ini and H. crenatus) (pp. 9-21). In combating the 

 first species it is recommended that felled timber and dead or dying branches should 

 be removed. The best time for doing this is in the month of June. In cases of 

 standing ash trees which are pierced by the insects for the purpose of securing winter 

 shelter, it is recommended that the bark be peeled off over the places where the 

 beetles are hibernating. The second species may be treated in the same manner, 

 with the exception that the removal of newly felled ash trunks will be of little avail, 

 since this species infests standing trees. 



Notes are given on the appearance, life history, and habits of Brnchns rufimanus, 

 B. pisorum, B. tristis, B. hrachialis, and B. rufipes (pp. 21-31). Descriptive notes are 

 given for the purpose of distinguishing the different species. For treating infested 

 seed the author recommends the usual remedies, and also the treatment of bean seed 

 with blue vitriol. Tylenchus devastatri.r (pp. 32-37) is reported as causing consider- 

 able injury to field beans by infesting the stems. The plants become irregularly 

 branched and distorted. In preventing injury from these worms it is recommended 

 that care should be exercised not to plant a susceptible crop immediately following 

 a crop which has been badly infested. Plowing is effective if the surface be turned 

 completely under. It is also recommended that the stubble of infested crops should 

 be burned and that application of sulphate of potash alone or with a mixture of sul- 

 phate of ammonia be given to the soil. Experiments with gas lime showed that this 

 was without effect in controlling the eel worm. 



Hylemyia coarctata (pp. 38-43) is reported as causing considerable injury to wheat. 

 Notes are given on the life history of the insect so far as known, and on its method 

 of attack. 



PhytojAus 7-ibis (pp. 43^8) has continued its injurious attacks during the season. 

 A large number of remedies have been tried, most of which are unsuccessful. The 

 need of further experiments with hydrocyanic-acid gas is urged. It is suggested that 

 where black currants are grown together in large areas a satisfactory way of check- 

 ing the spread of the pest consists in breaking off and destroying the galls. Pulvi- 

 naria ribesiie (pp. 48-52) is sometimes injurious to currants. The scale is described 

 and notes given on its life history. In preventing the attacks of this insect, it is sug- 

 gested that the currants should not be grown in an overcrowded condition. Appli- 

 cation of soft soap and kerosene oil are reported ineffective. Economic and biolog- 



