VETEEINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 391 



nosebag, near the bottom (if whieli wa.« placed a yhelf of noft pine wood, which was 

 sterilized by steam each time before using. This nosebag was then adjusted to the 

 head of tuberculous cattle. By means of this procedure the tubercle bacilli were 

 found to be present in the bronchial secretions of every cow upon which experi- 

 ments were made. It l)ecame apparent during these experiments that cows in 

 coughing atomized their sputum and projecteci it into the air in small particles, 

 which may float for a considerable period of time. The danger of human infec-tion 

 by means of this atomized sputum is practically confined to such persons as are in 

 constant contact Avith the animals. 



txuinea pigs w'hich were inoculated with material collected from nosebags subse- 

 quently developed generalized tuberculosis in oO per cent of the cases. Guinea pigs 

 which were directly exposed to the breath of tuberculous cows did not become 

 infected. 



The repression of tuberculosis of cattle by sanitation, L. Pearson {Pennsyl- 

 vaiiia Dept. Agr. Bui. 74, PP- ~^)- — Experiments were conducted for the purpose of 

 determining the effect of good and bad stable conditions on the spi'ead and develop- 

 ment of tuberculosis. For the experiment 2 herds of 6 cow'S each were selected. 

 There were 4 healthy and 2 tuberculous cows in each herd. One stable contained 

 8,970 cubic feet of space and was furnished with smooth walls and fixings which 

 could l)e kept scrupulously clean. The other stable contained about 3,000 cubic feet 

 of space and dust was allowed to collect in various places in the stable during the 

 experiment. The smaller stable was not carefully cleaned and the cows in this stable 

 were not separated by partitions between their heads. In l:)oth stables the animals 

 were arranged so that each healthy cow stood next to a tul)erculous animal. The 

 fodder of the 2 lots of cattle was the same during the experiment, and the cows were 

 confined all the time except for a short period once a week, when they were led out 

 to be weighed. The larger stable was kept as clean as possible during the entire 

 experiment. The stalls were cleaned 3 times per day and the partitions and man- 

 gers washed with a disinfectant once a day. The floors, walls, ceilings, windows, 

 manger, etc., were scrubbed with water and soap once a week. A bucket was 

 reserved for the use of each cow during the entire experiment. 



All of the tuberculous animals gained somewhat in weight during the first part of 

 the experiment. This was probably due to their being dried off as soon as jiossible 

 and being better fed. In order that the exposure of the healthy cows in the large, 

 light, and well-ventilated stable and in the smaller, dark, and poorly ventilated stable 

 might be the same, the tuberculous cows were transferred from one stable to the 

 other every 10 days. The curious fact was developed from these experiments that 

 the cows in the dark stable gained more in weight during the experiment than those 

 in the light stable. 



On the eighty-second day'after the beginning of the experiment one of the healthy 

 cows in the light stable and two of the healthy cows in the dark stable reacted to 

 tuberculin. A second test, made 15 months after the beginning of the experiment, 

 showed that 2 of the originally healthy cows in the light stable and all of the orig- 

 inally healthy cows in the dark stable were tuberculous. In the dark stable, which 

 w-is not furnished with partitions between the heads of the cattle, the tubercle 

 bacilli may easily have been transmitted from tuberculous to healthy cows by con- 

 tact. Such means of transmission was impossible, however, in the light stable, and 

 it is assumed that infection took place in this stable in the 2 cows which finally 

 became tuberculous by inhaling tul)ercle l)acilli which had been expelled into the 

 air by the coughing of the tuberculous cows. 



Treatment of tuberculosis by means of strychnin, V. (J.vltiek [Jour. Med. 

 Vtt. ft Zoott'ch., .5. ser., 3 {1001), Jet))., pp. 1-S). — The author conducted experiments 

 for the treatment of tuberculosis by means of Fowler's solution of arsenic and solu- 

 tions of strychnin. The experiments were made upon goats, asses, pigs, calves, and 



