ENTOMOLOGY. 478 



Pineapple mealybug (Dactylopius bromeliee), II. Tkyon {Qiiniidavd Arjr. 

 Jour., ,s' (/;>()/), Xo. 4, j)/i. ,.'97, JUS). — Tliis inst'ct, iilthougli widoly distrihuted in 

 "l)iiu>aj>i)k' plantations of Southern Quccnyland, is seldom especially injurious. In 

 the northern distriets the insect is more extensively attended hy ants and causes 

 more damage. It increases rather slowly and is usually kept somewhat in check by 

 its natural enemies. Fumigation with hydrocyanic-acid gas is recommended in 

 combating this insect. 



Animal enemies of coflPee in Java, II, J. C. Koningsbekgek and A. Zimmer- 

 MA>N {Medal. 'S IjdkU I'hnilriiliiin, 1901, No. 44, pp- 125, ph. 6, fiffR. 59). — The autlvjrs 

 present detailed ])iol()gical and economic notes on the worms, mites, insects of various 

 orders, birds, and otiier animals which are recognized as injurious to coffee in Java. 

 In cf»nnection with the dis('Ussion on each pest, the approved artificial remedies for 

 com])ating it are mentioned, together with notes on its insect enemies and fungus 

 disf'ases. 



Cockchafer grubg destroying strawberry plants, \V. W. Fkoggatt {Ayr. Gaz. 

 New South W(des, 12 {1901), No. 4, pp. 473-476, figs. -5).— Descriptive and biological 

 notes are given on Auoplognathns analis and xi. x>oroms. The larvse of these species 

 feed .upon the roots of strawberries, sometimes completely destroying them, so that 

 the plant falls over or is readily pulled out of the ground. As a treatn>ent for l>adly 

 infested strawberry tielils, it is recommended that top-dressing of kainit or nitrate of 

 soda be applied. As the adult beetles sometimes occur in large numbers in trees, 

 they may be captured by jarring into collectors. 



The redwood mealy bug (Dactylopius sequoiae, n. sp.), G. A. Cole.man 

 {Proc. Califortiia Acad. Scl., 3. wr., Zoo/., 2 {1901), No. 11, pp. 407-420-, pi. 1).—A 

 detailed description is given of this insect in all its stages. The species is considered 

 as new, and is reported as occuring on Sequoia semjjermrens throughout the Sierra 

 Morena Mountains. An undetermined species of parasitic fly was bred from certain 

 of the specimens. The young larvaj crawl about over the leaves and twigs within a 

 few days after hatching. Various stages of the insect were carefully studied in the 

 laboratory. 



Monophadnus elongatulus as an enemy of the rose, D. von Schlechtexdal 

 {Allfj. Zhchr. Ent., 6 {1901), No. 10, j)ji. 145-147).— The literature relating to this 

 species is briefly reviewed and especial attention is devoted to a discussion of the proc- 

 ess of egg laying and the entrance f)f the larva into the vegetable tissue. The eggs 

 are deposited in the petiole of partly developed leaves, the puncture being made on 

 the under side of the petiole. 



Note on the respiration of Aleurodes citri, C. W. Woodworth {Canad. Ent., 

 33 {1901), No. 6, pp. 173-176). — A study was made of the respiratory organs of this 

 insect for the purpose of determining their relationship to the reaction of the insect 

 toward fumigation with hydrocyanic-acid gas. The spiracles of this insect are 

 located on the ventral side of the body, and since the l)ody is cemented to the leaf it 

 is necessary that breathing folds should be developed in the epidermis which admit 

 air from the outside to the spiraiiles. The breathing folds are highly specialized 

 grooves in the outer skin of the insect and are armed with minute scattered eleva- 

 tions, together with a pair of c(jmbs at the outer opening. A detailed description is 

 given of tlie structun^ of the trachea; through the interior of the body of this species. 



Respiratory organs of botflies, G. Enoerlein {Shzber. Math. Naturw. CI K. 

 Akad. ITm. {Vienna'], 108 {1899), No. 5, pp. 235-303, ])h. 3) .—The botflies which 

 have thus far been found in the stomachs of herbivorous animals belong to 16 

 species, and the host animals are elephant, horse, zebra, ass, and rhinoceros. A 

 general account is given of the anatomical and histological characters of the various 

 parts of the respiratory system of these insects, with especial reference to the peculiar 

 conditions under which they live. One feature of the spiracles by which the botflies 

 are distinguished is the presence of an apparatus for closing the openings and thus 



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