ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



479 



{Physiologisie Russe, 2 {1900), Nu. 26-30, pp. 131-132). — The body called ureine, 

 according to the author, in a mixture of several subntanceH and not a new chemical 

 compound. 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



Analyses of fodders from forage crops cut at different stages of gro"wth, 

 K. \V. TuATcniCK (Xehrasht Sta. Rjit. 1900, pp. 73-80).— To learn the effect of the 

 time of cutting upon the composition of forage crops, analyses were made of oats and 

 peas, field corn, millet, sorghum, Kafir corn, and cowpeas. In every case the second 

 sample analyzed was cut three weeks later than the first. The results of the analyses 

 follow: 



Composition of feeding .stuffs at different xtngex of grovth. 



Feeding stuffs. 



Oats and peas: 



Pea pods beginning to form, oats begin- 

 ning to head 



Pea pods all filled out, oats in full bloom 

 Field corn: 



Tas.sels beginning to appear 



Corn full grown, some ears formed 



Millet: 



Heads just appearing 



Headed out, seeds nearly ripe 



Sorghum; 



Heads just appearing 



Headed out, seeds beginning to form .. 

 Kafir eorn: 



Heads just appearing 



Headed out, seeds beginning to form . . 

 Ciiwpeas: 



Vines 16 in. high, no heads formed 



Well developed, some pods formed 



Water. 



12.07 

 11.32 



13.03 

 13. 8.5 



10.24 

 10.47 



13.50 

 11.23 



11.37 

 12.95 



11.76 

 12.60 



Ether 

 extract, 



Per ct. Per ct. 



2.90 

 2.40 



1.37 

 1.38 



2.54 

 1..52 



2.97 

 1.90 



1.76 

 2.06 



2.70 

 2.71 



Nitro- 

 gen- 

 free ex- 

 tract. 



30.24 

 3.5.99 



40.43 

 45.74 



32.03 

 43.33 



34.56 

 41.69 



35.94 

 37.42 



28. 64 

 30.25 



Crude 

 fiber. 



Per ct. 



28. 15 

 25.41 



27.09 

 24.04 



35.86 

 29.10 



30.62 

 30. 05 



32.74 

 31.38 



21.68 

 21.33 



Ash. 



Per ct. 



9.85 

 8.88 



10.00 

 8.30 



10. 92 

 9.41 



9.70 



8.86 



9.66 

 9.21 



15. 45 

 14. 02 



"The conditions of growth of the crops this season were about equally favorable 

 for each of them and some tentative conclusions may hence be drawn from the 

 results of this season's work. . . . The mixed crop, oats and pea.s, improves in 

 composition as it grows older and should probably be allowed to stand as long as the 

 pea vines will remain fairly erect. The proportion of flesh-forming to fat-forming 

 constituents in the fodder obtained from this crop is very nearly the correct one for' 

 a well-balanced ration for most classes of animals and it would probably be found 

 unnece.s.sary to supplement this fodder with grain or other foods. 



"Field corn, millet, sorghum, and Kafir corn decrease rapidly in iirotein content 

 while heading out. The percentage of crude fiber also decreases somewhat. Both 

 of these changes are probably due to the rapid accumulation of starch and sugars in 

 the i)lant juices at that time, as shown by the increased proportion of nitrogen-free 

 extract. In order to obtain a fodder having as narrow a ratio of flesh-forming to 

 fat-forming foods as possible the crop should be cut at as early a stage as it can be 

 well cured. For ' roughage ' to be fed in connection with highly nitrogenous foods, 

 it may well V)e allowed to grow until seeds are formed. After that period, howev'er, 

 the stalk.s rapidly become woody and the proportion of waste is greatly increa.sed. 



"No very significant change in composition of the cowpeas is ai)parent. This 

 year's experience would seem to indicate that the consideration of chemical com- 

 pf)sition is of minor imi)ortance in the selection of the proper stage for harvesting 

 this crop for fodder. As compared with the other fodders analyzed this year, this 

 one is by far the mo.st desirable, on account of its high proportion of nitrogenous 

 material and small percentage of difficultly digestible fiber." 



The composition of cotton-seed meal, W. A. Withers and (i. S. Fraps {North 

 Curoliud Std. Bill. 179, pp. 77-80). — A number of analy.ses of cotton-seed meal are 

 reported. In atldition to the constituents usually determined, the authors report 



