TECHNOLOGY. 595 



action. Tiuunilatioiis with a mixture of the serum and virus are harmless, but do not 

 confer an innnunity of long duration. The serum exercises an antibacterial and 

 antitoxic action at the same time. The protection produced in this way is associated 

 with stimulation of the ])rocess of phagocytosis. 



The rapid diagnosis of rabies, M. P. Ravenel and J. ^IcCakthy {Jour. Comp. 

 Path, and Titer., 14 [1001), Xo. 1, pp. 37-44, jigs. 3). — A study was made of the 

 certainty and reliability of diagnosis of this disease from microscoi:>ic changes in the 

 nerve ganglia. It was found that the cajjsular and cellular changes in the inter- 

 vertebral ganglia, when taken in connection with clinical symptoms, afforded a 

 trustworthy means of diagnosing rabies. Tliese changes, however, were not always 

 present in cases of ral)ies, and the absence of such changes therefore is not considered 

 as imjilying that rabies is not present. It was also found that the rabic tubercle of 

 Babes was present suihciently often to aid materially in the diagnosis where only the 

 i-entral nervous system was obtainal^ile, without any of the ganglia. It is believed 

 that where the ganglia can be had they offer a simpler and easier method of diagnosis 

 than is to be found in the study of the brain and spinal cord. 



The Brunswick disease of chickens and turkeys, Jess {Berlin. ThierdrzU. 

 Wchnsdir., 1901, Nu. 12, pp. 191,192). — A description is given of an outbreak of a 

 diesase which jiersisted for 3 months and spread over considerable territory. The 

 post-mortem examination of fowls dead of the disease exposed a brownish red color 

 of the whole alimentary canal, with occasional diphtheritic patches. The trachea was 

 much reddened and the pericardium was distended to a great size by an accumulation 

 of serum. Bacteriological studies on this disease indicated that the trouble was not 

 due to an oi-ganism of ordinary io\\\ cholera, but that apparently this organism was 

 combined in symbiotic relations with another bacillus which needs to be studied 

 further. 



Streptothrix infections in the lower animals, A. G. R. Foclerton and C. P. 

 JoxES [Jour. Vomp. Path, and Tlier., 14 {1901), No. 1, pp. 45-59, pi. 1). — The authors 

 discuss the nomenclature, classification, morphology, staining, and cultural charac- 

 teristics, and pathogenic action of these organisms. Detailed description is given of 

 the more common species, including Streptothrix bovis communis, S. nocardii, S. caprss, 

 S. cuniciUi, and ;S'. lacertve. 



TECHNOLOGY. 



Sorghum sirup manufacture, A. A. Denton {U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 135t 

 pp. 40, figs. 26).— X revi.^ion of Farmers' Bulletin No. 90 (E. S. R., 11, p. 290), cov- 

 ering the growing of sorghum cane and the manufacture of the sirup. 



The clouding of white wine, R. G. Smith {Proc. Linn. Soc. Xew South Wales, 25 

 (1900), pt. 4, p)). 6oO-6.5S). — A variety of white wine is made in South Australia under 

 the name of Chablis which has a great tendency to develop a turbidity or cloudiness 

 soon after being bottled. A deposit collects at the bottom of the bottle and, while 

 the flavor and bouijuet are not affected, the sale of the wine is injured. The author 

 found the trouble to be due to V)acteria. Pasteurizing the wine at 43°C. and al)ove 

 destroyed the organism and overcame the difiiculty. 



Report of the viticulturist, M. Blunno {Agr. Gaz. Xew South liases, 12 {1901), 

 No. 8, pp. 944-949) . — Among other matters relating to wine making, the author dis- 

 cusses the difticulty in the locality indicated of keeping the temperature down dur- 

 ing the fermentation of the mu.st. Picking the grapes in the early morning or late 

 in the evening is reconmiended as affording some relief. Where plenty of cold 

 water is available, it is sometimes employed l)y passing through coils in the vats until 

 the fermentation is complete. Another method of cooling the must is carried out 

 by pumping it into a small wr)oden vat fitted with an ingenious contrivance for stir- 

 ring. A small disk, revolving at a sjjeed of 500 to 600 revolutions per minute, throws 



