654 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



of 14.3 per cent of the total rainfall. At the second station the amount of water 

 intercepted attained a maximum of 16.6 per cent. 



The evaporation taking place from the soil in wooded and cleared areas was 

 investigated by means of atmidometers, by which it was found that the evaporation 

 was considerably greater in the open areas than those under forest cover. No esti- 

 mation appears to ha^■e been made of the amount of water transpired through the 

 foliage of the growing plants. 



Forestry planting for southern Minnesota, H. W. Poole {Farm Students' 

 Rev., 6 (1901), Xo. 9, pp. 142, 143). — On the high prairie soils of the southern part of 

 the State the author recommends the planting of green ash, boxelder, white willow, 

 white spruce, red cedar, Norway and Scotch pines. For the more moist soils, black 

 walnut, green ash, hard maple, white willow, basswood, soft maple, Norway spruce, 

 Douglas fir, and white pine are more suitable. 



Forestry at Coteau Substation in south-western Minnesota ( Farm Students' 

 Rev., 6 {1901), No. 9, pp. 131-133). — A review is given of the forestry conditions at 

 the substation, and the necessity for the planting of wind-breaks is shown. For 

 wind-breaks the author recommends the planting of willows, of which the golden 

 willow is considered one of the best. The caragana and buckthorn are both consid- 

 ered good hedge plants for wind-breaks, but are of less rapid growth. After a wind- 

 break is started the permanent trees may then be planted, and in this section box- 

 elder, ash, and elm give the best results, although some of the oaks, particularly bur 

 oak, make considerable growth while young. The presence of underbrush, such as 

 dogwood and buckthorn, is recommended in the planting as a protective measure. 

 After the forest trees become established this undergrowth csn be cut out when the 

 plantation is thinned. 



Investigations conducted by the Bureau of Forestry in Nebraska, W. L. 

 Hall {ForeMer, 7 {1901) , Xo. 8, pp. 188-193, figs^. 4). — Forest investigations are being 

 conducted in Nebraska, in wliich an attempt is made to study the planted and 

 natural timber. The planted timber is studied to tind not only what thrives best in 

 different sections of the State, but also what is most valuable for different purposes. 

 The natural timber is investigated to find what species occur, to what extent timber 

 is increasing, and the conditions under which the increase takes place. In 1890 this 

 Department had a large number of pines planted in the Sandhill region of south- 

 western Nebraska. The plantation consisted of Scotch, Austrian, Kock, and Bank- 

 sian pine. The land was very sandy, and the trees were set in furrows run through 

 the sod. Since planting no cultivation has been given. The Scotch and Austrian 

 pines now average 6 to 8 ft. in height, the Rock pine from 4 to 6, and the Banksian pine 

 12 to 18 ft. This experiment seems to show that they are well adapted to the 

 location and similar regions. The investigations conducted by the Bureau of For- 

 estry will be in that portion of the State which is not adapted to farming or grazing, 

 and will bring together all available information on its adaptability to forest growth 

 and on means of foresting in case it is adapted to the growth of trees. 



The forest and water resources of Washing-ton, A. D. Foster {Forester, 7 

 {1901), Xo. 4, pp. 88-91). — A summary is given of an address in which the forest and 

 water resources of t^e State are reviewed. It appears that of a forest area of 15,858 

 square miles formerly covered with merchantable timber, 22.5 per cent has been 

 destroyed by fire, 22 per cent cut over, and the remaining 57.5 per cent is still 

 covered with standing timber. Thus in less than a generation of time about two- 

 fifths of the timber in what is considered the richest merchantable timber region in 

 the world has disappeared. 



Tree planting on idle lands in New England, J. D. Lyman {Forester, 7 {1901), 

 Xo. 8, pp. 199-201, fig. 1). — The author states that the great difficulties in the way of 

 forestry are lack of knowledge of the art and science of forestry, and the rate of taxes 

 usually assessed against lands. There is said to be 116,000 acres of idle land in New 



