FORESTRY. 655 



Hampshire, much of which is adapted to the growing of forest trees if properly man- 

 aged. The white pine, spruce, and chestnut will probably be the best trees for 

 culture. An example is cited of a 13-acre plantation of white pine from which, 40 

 years after planting, the owner cut 40 cords of boxwood logs, valued at ?i240 per 

 acre. After providing for all expenses there was left a net profit of |128 per acre. 

 If larger timber had been desired, by more prolongeel thinnings the production 

 could have l)een increased still more. 



The outlook for forestry in the Philippines {Forester, 7 (1901), No. 9, pp. 211- 

 215, figs. 5). — The author quotes Capt. G. P. Ahern, of the Forestry Bureau at 

 Manila, as stating that there are more than 50,000,000 acres of public woodlands in 

 the archipelago. There have been classified up to the present time 665 species of 

 forest trees, and it is believed that the total number will prove to be fully 1,000 after 

 the region has been more thoroughly explored. The plans of the Forestry Bureau of 

 the Philippines are outlined, in which timber testing and forest management are to 

 be given a prominent place. The proceeds derived from the leasing of forest privi- 

 leges during the first fiscal year amounted to about $200,000, and at the present time 

 the revenues are about $30,000 per month, an increase of about 150 per cent over 

 what they were during the Spanish occupation. The present market for all timber 

 is in Manila. Some of the timber has previously been exported to the Asiatic coast, 

 but at present the demand for timber in Manila and other parts of the island is 

 greater than the ability to supply it. 



The forests of New South Wales, J. H. Maiden {Agr. Gaz. New South Wales, 

 12 {1901), No. 7, pp. 811-S26, map l). — The author popularly describes the forests 

 of New South Wales, giving their topography and dividing the forest region into 4 

 zones, the principal characteristics of which are described. Descriptions and eco- 

 nomic notes are given of the principal forest timbers of the country. Statistics are 

 quoted in w'hich the forest area is estimated at 20,000,000 acres, of which in 1900 

 there had been reserved 6,355,605 acres. These reserves, which are under govern- 

 ment control, are mostly occupied under leases for grazing. The forestry operations 

 are described at some length, the annual output of different kinds of timber being 

 shown. 



On the improvement and renovation of beech forests in Ardennes, L. 

 Claude {Ulng. Agr. Gembloux, 11 {1901), No. 10, pp. 427-446). — Attention is called 

 to the gradual destruction of the beech forests, and suggestions are given for their 

 restitution. The author recommends the prevention of the removal of the leaves, 

 gra.ss, and other materials constituting the forest floor, protection of the young 

 growth, and the maintenance of plantations from which the trees may be trans- 

 planted. 



Handbook of German dune protection, P. Gerhardt {Handhuch des deutschen 

 Dunenhaues. Berlin: Paul Par ey, 1900; noted in Bid. Soc. Cent. Forst. Belg.,8 {1001), 

 No. 1, pp. 55, 56). — This work is a complete treatise on the sand dunes of Germany, 

 and describes the methods that have been adopted for their reclamation, the cost of 

 the improvement, and methods of reforestation. Among the tree species found 

 adapted to planting in such conditions are Scotch pine, Picea alba, P. excelsa, Almis 

 glutinosa and Betula verrucosa, and under certain conditions Pinus laricio, P. rigida, ash, 

 elm, poplar, etc. For the dunes along the North Sea the author believes it feasible 

 to forest them with mountain pine and black alder, with mixtures of"Scotch pine and 

 birch in some places. For the side of dunes next the coast, planting grass and other 

 halophytic plaiits is recommended to prevent their shifting about. 



Durability of timber {Queensland Agr. Jour., 8 {1901), No. 6, p. 444). — A discus- 

 sion is given of the relative durability of seasoned and green timber when used for 

 structural purposes. The application ol coal tar, paint, and other coverings to green 

 timber tends to increase the liability to dry rot, and it is recommended that unsea- 

 soned timber should not be painted except at the joints. Where seasoned there will 



