METEOROLOGY. 827 



Concerning symbiosis between plants and animals, F. Feddk {Jahre.sljer. 

 ScliU's. (li-Krll. Vatcrli'tnil. Cnltur, lUOO, 11, pp. .J-15; abx. in But. Centl>L,6''J {1901), No. 

 e, p. 61). — According to the relationship between the syuibionts, there are 3 fonns 

 of symbiosis — that between animals, between plants, and between plants and ani- 

 mals. From a liiological consideration one of the symbionts may be injurious to the 

 other, which is the case in tiie relation between parasites and host plants. The 

 author discusses various kinds of symbiosis and calls attention to various well-known 

 instai..ces where animals live in this relationship, as well as numerous plants. The 

 syml)iosis between plants and animals is said to occur in the case of certain plants 

 reiiuiriiifj: for their fertilization certain insects, as in the case of Yuccii and Pronuba, 

 and in tlu" case of the mutualism which exists ))etween ants and various plants. 



The cell nuclei of Saccharomyces, C. Hokfmeister {Sitzber. Dent. Nalnnv. Med. 

 Ver. Bohmm, n. ser., JO {1900), No. 5, pp. 251-263, pi. 1; abs. in Bol. Centbl., 87 

 {1901), No. 4, pp- 1^9, 130). — In the first part of this work the author gives a short 

 review of the previous investigations and theories relative to the occurrence of nuclei 

 in the yaccharomycetes. New species are described from pure cultures made from 

 various yeasts, and the methods of fixing and staining are given. The author con- 

 cludes that so far as his investigations go species of Saccharomyces and yeast-like 

 organisms possess nuclei. The nucleus is generally in the center of the cell or may 

 be somewliat displaced, and is in shape more or less that of a flattened sphere. 



Investigations on the fall of the leaves of dicotyledons, A. Tison {Man. Soc. 

 Linn. NurnnDidii', 20 {1900), No. 1, pp. 121-168). 



An edible fungus, J. C.Arthur {Indiana Sta. Rpt. 1901, pp. 20,21, pis. 2). — An 

 illustrated description is given of the spiny or hedgehog mushroom {Hydnimi erina- 

 cetim ) . 



Plants used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, V. K. 

 Chesnut ( r. S. Dipl. Aijv., Diritfiuii of Boliuiy, ('ontrihnliinix Jrum the U. >S. Nadonal 

 Herbariion, vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 295-408, j)ls. 12, Jiyn. 13). — A report is given of the 

 economic uses of plants by the Indians in Mendocino County, California, based upon 

 investigations made ]iy the author in 1897 and 1898. 



Elements of vegetable biology, J. Pavillard {Elements de biolofjie vegetale. 

 Paris: Soeifte d'cd. Sci., 1901, jip. 589). 



Nitrogen assimilation by living bacterial cells, J. Stoklasa and E. Vitek 

 {Centbl. Bakt. u. Bar., 2. Abf., 7 {1901), No. 8, pp. 257-270).— A review is given of 

 some of the more recent literature regarding the value of Alinit as a fertilizer. The 

 authors maintain that Barillus nu'ijatlwriuia is able to assimilate free atmospheric nitro- 

 gen when supplied with proper carbohydrates, and report a number of experiments 

 in which it was used to inocculate oats and barley. The results, it is claimed, demon- 

 strate the efficiency of the organism for nitrogen assimilation. 



METEOROLOGY. 



Monthly Weather Review {Mo. Weather Rev., 29 {1901), Nos. 10, pp. 447-437, 

 l>l. l,Ji:/s. 5, charts 9; 11, pp. 4S9-533, fi<js. 2, charts 13; 12, pp. 535-589, Jigs. 5, charts 

 10). — In addition to the usual reports on forecasts, warnings, weather and crop con- 

 ditions, meteorological tables and charts (for the months of October, Novendjer, and 

 December, 1901), recent papers bearing on meteijrology, etc., these munbers contain 

 the following articles and notes: 



No. 10, special contribution on The measurement of sunshine and the preliminary 

 examination of Angstrom's pyrheliometer (illus. ), by C. F. Marvin; and notes l)y 

 the editor on Weather Bureau men as instructors, applied climatology, the barome- 

 ter as used at sea, what is a storm wave? on barometric oscillations during thunder- 

 storms, and on the brontometer, an instrument designed to facilitate their study 

 (illus.) (by G. J. Symons), colored snow, electrical phenomena — incandescent clouds, 

 and fake forecasts. 



