FORESTRY. 861 



The reconstitution of forests in Ardennes, J. Pollet (Bui. Soc. Cent. Foist. 

 Jlcli/. , S ( 190 J ) , Xo. S, pp. 4(Jl--i74 ) . — The author accounts for the deforestation of parts 

 of the country and offers sujrgestions for its reforestation. It is recommended that 

 plantings sliould be made of beech as an undergrowth for Scotch pine, beech plant- 

 ings for coi)ince, and the planting of beech and spruce in mixtures. 



The disappearance of beech in the forest of Cambre, C. Bommer {Bid. Soc. 

 Cent. Fiirst. Bdg., S {I'JOl), Xns. 4, }>}>. 1S1-1S9; 5, jyp. 247-255, fi<jx. 4)-— In account- 

 ing for the disappearance of beech from the forest in question, the author believes 

 that this tree is not adapted to grow under the system of forestry pursued, which is 

 that of high forest and coppice. The lieech seems to be especially liable to disease, 

 which also accounts for the destruction of many trees. Among the enemies to which 

 it is particularly subject, mention is made of Nectria ditissima and an insect {Cri/pto- 

 cucms fagi). The old trees are also subject to other fungi such as Phycomyccs nitens, 

 Annillaria mellea, etc. 



The Picardy poplar, N. I. Craiiay {Bui. Soc. Cent. Forst. Behj., S {1901), No. 6, 

 pp. :J42-o47, ])l. 1) . — A description is given of what is called the Picardy poplar, a 

 variety of white poi)lar {Popuhis alba). The tree is of rai)id growth and adapted to 

 various situations^. The wood is said to be of better quality than that of ordinary 

 forms of i)Oiilar. 



Fire lines and their use in the pine forests of Germany and Gascony, 

 P. BuFFAULT {Rev. Eaux et Forets, 40 {1901), No. 22, i^p. 673-683).— Au account is 

 given of the methods pursued in Germany and Gascony in the construction and care 

 of fire lines in pine forests. Different kinds of lire lines are described, a common 

 form being from 40 to 60 meters wide, which is planted in vineyards, cultivated 

 crops, or some deciduous tree. For trees to jilant in such regions the pedunculate 

 oak, locust, ailanthus, ash, and maples are recommended. 



On the use of white pine, ]ju Pre de St. INIaur [Bui. Soc. Cent. Forst. Belg., 8 

 {1901), No. 3, pp. 155-162). — The author gives a discussion of the white pine {Pin us 

 strobus) as a forest tree for different situations in Europe. A number of plantations 

 are described and the rate of growth indicated. The distribution of white pine in 

 the United States and Canada is indi(^ated and notes given upon the utilization of 

 its timber. 



Suggestions for increasing the value of nonagricultural lands in Belgium, 

 J. Hi-UERTV {Bill Soc. Cut. Forst. Belg., S {1901), No. 6, pp. .i,^,.^-.:?.;i).— The author 

 suggests, for the utilization of the nonagricultural lands of Belgium, that they be 

 planted to Austrian pine. From estimates based on plantations wiiich are already 

 in existence, it is believed that these lands will pay an income amounting to between 

 6 and 7 per cent annually upon the investment. 



Experiments in wood preservation, W. von Knieriem {Bait. Wchmckr. Landw., 

 38 {1900), p. 475; ubs. lit. Ceiitbl. Agr. Chem., 30 {1901), No. 7, pp. 486-488) .—Ex])en- 

 ments are reported in which the relative efficiency of a number of substances was 

 tested for preserving wood. In the winter of 1892 spruce blocks 46 by 13 by 14 cc. 

 were cut, and on August 27 to 80 were submitted to treatment with various tar prod- 

 ucts. The products used were carbolin oil, creosote oil, creo.sote tar, carbolineum, 

 and copper sulphate. After treatment the blocks were dried, and on October 8, 

 1893, were placed in sand and covered with earth. After 83 years they were taken 

 up and examined, at which time it was found that the blocks treated with the first 

 4 preparations were still sound, the fifth showed s me decay, and a control block 

 treated in a similar way was l)eginning to show considerable rot. The blocks were 

 again buried for a year and a half, when they were taken up and reexamined. The 

 one treated with carbolineum was the soundest, followed by those treated with creo- 

 sote oil, carbolin oil, and creosote tar, in the order named. The block which had 

 been treated witli copper sul]>hate was badly decayed, and the one which had not 

 been given any treatment was almost entirely destroyed. 



