VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 887 



the well-known fact that tuherclo ])a('ilii nhow jgreater renistance to heat in a neutral 

 or alkaline solution than in an acid solution. It was found that in milk which had 

 not yet suffered any chemical changes a momentary exposure to a temperature of 

 80° C. was sufficient to kill tubercle bacilli. It is urged that in order to reduce the 

 results of all experiments along this line to a standard, attention should be given to 

 the reaction of the milk before the experiment is made, in order to determine whether 

 it is alkaline, neutral, or acid. 



Report of the Chemical Control Station at Christiania, Norway, for 1900, 

 H. Gkegi; (Aarxhr. Offnit. Fonutd. L(nid}ir. Vrnnmc, 1900, jip. ^'OS-J-fG) . — The report 

 gives accounts of routine analytical work done at the station during the year and of 

 investigations of mon^ general interest. Among the latter that of the composition of 

 Norwegian creamery butter is more fully des('ribed. The investigation was begun in 

 1898, bi-weekly examinations of the products of nine different creameries l)eing 

 made. The samples examined were taken by authorized agents of the station and 

 were in all cases genuine butters. Limits so far observed were: Specific gravity (at 

 100° C. ) 0.8636 (minimum), Reichert number 21.1 (minimum), and refractive index 

 43.7 (maximum), while Hiibl numbers ranged between 28.8 and 45.1. The influ- 

 ence of the season on the composition of the butter fat is shown in the Eeichert 

 numbers, iodin numliers, and refractive index. In general, maximum figures were 

 obtained for Keichert nvimber from November to February, and a decided minimum 

 in June. — v. w. woi.l. 



Payment for milk and cream according to the yield of butter, J. Frost 

 (i»/(7t7( 7J(j., ao {1901), No. So, pp. 545-547). 



The manufacture of Gruyere cheese, M. Beau (Jour. Agr. Prat., n. ser., 2 

 {1901), Nos. 27, pp. 12-14; 29, pp. 71-73; 30, pp. 105-lOS) .—A description of methods 

 employed in the manufacture of this cheese. 



Common-sense ideas for dairymen, G. H. Blake {Elgin, III..: The Elgin 

 Dairy Report, 1900, pp. 281, figs. 27). — The subtitle states that this is " an exposition 

 of the methods pursued by the most practical and successful dairymen in the Elgin 

 district." The book is largely compiled and is designed to present in a simple and 

 concise manner the most important principles underlying successful dairy farming 

 and dairying. Chapters are devoted to the following: Selection of dairy stock, 

 feeding and care of dairy stock, corn and clover culture, milk and cream testing, 

 care of milk, butter makers and butter making, cheese making, creamery building, 

 farmers' dairy clubs, and miscellaneous facts. 



Bibliography of milk, second supplement, 1901, H. de Rothschild {lUbli- 

 ographia laciaria, deurieme mpplement, 1901. Paris: (Mare Doin, 1902, pp. lOG). — This 

 second supplement to de Rothschild's extensive bibliography of milk is similar to 

 the one previously noted (E. S. R., 13, p. 690) and contains a classilied list of 1,578 

 titles of papers which appeared during 1901 or have been discovered since the firet 

 supplement was issued. Many of the papers noted are not recent, a considera- 

 ble number dating back from 10 to 25 years, and several to the seventeenth and 

 eighteenth centuries. 



VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 



The toxin of tapeworms, E. Messineo and D. Calamioo {('enthl. Jiaki. n. Par., 

 1. Alt., 30 {1901), Nos. ,v, pp. 340, 347; 9, ]ip. 374, 57.5).— The authors undertook 

 experiments to determine whether the injurious effects from the presence of tape- 

 worms were due to chemical irritation or to the i)roduction of a poisonous substance. 

 Extracts were made from tapeworms which were ground up in a mortar with dis- 

 tilled and sterilized water, and rabbits, guinea pigs, and dogs were inocnilated with 

 samples of this extract. In all cases poisonous effects of uniform chara(!ter were 



