890 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



9.9 per cent; polynuclear leucocytes with clear protoplasm, to 6.7 per cent; large 

 mononuclear corpuscles, 9.9 to 42.5 per cent; lymphocytes, 53.2 to 88.2 per cent. 

 Inoculation experiments were conducted with bouillon cultures of the diplococcus of 

 Friinkel, Staphylococcus aureus, and with diphtheria toxin. As a result of the authors' 

 experiments it was found that as a rule pronounced morphological modification of 

 the fct'tal blood at the time when under the influence of infection or intoxication, the 

 blood of the mother showed the hypoleueocytes or hyperleucocytes were absent. 

 The absence of these modifications is explained by the fact that there is no passage of 

 the bacteria or toxin into the blood of the foetus. The pure cultures of toxin were 

 introduced directly into the blood or into the lymphatic system of the mother. 

 These materials were rendered harmless in the blood of the mother, or at least did 

 not pass through the placenta. Occasionally intra-uterine death of the foetus- occurs 

 during the infection of the mother, and in such cases the toxin or bacteria effected a 

 passage into the blood of the fretus. The number of leucocytes found in the blood 

 of the fcetus was small and the authors believe that the defense of the organism by 

 means of phagocytes is not well developed until after birth. 



The group of Pasteurella, J. Lignieres {Rec. Med. Vet., Paris, 8. ser., 8 (1901), 

 No. IS, pp. 414~41'>)- — This artit^le is of a controversial nature, the juirpose being to 

 justify the establishment of a systematic group of ovoid bacteria which iiroduces 

 various forms of hemorrhagic septicjemia. It is not considered that the generic name 

 adopted by the author is of vital importance, but the objections to its use are not 

 considered of great weight. 



Contagious diseases of animals and man, L. Baillet {Rec. Med. Yet., Paris, 

 8. ser., 8 {1001), Nos. IS, pp. 417-4^S; 17, pp. 553-561). — Special attention is given to 

 a discussion of glanders and tuberculosis, as being among the most important con- 

 tagious diseases which are common to man and animals and which may be trans- 

 mitted from one to the other. The use of mallein and tul)erculin for detecting 

 incipient cases of glanders and tuberculosis is considered of great importance from 

 the standpoint of general hygiene, since by this means the existence (jf the diseases 

 in animals may be made known and ])recautions may be taken to prevent their 

 transmission to man. 



Diagnosis of tuberculosis in animals during life, Dewar ( Yet. .lour., 53 {1901), 

 No. 314, pp- 9^-96). — An elaliorate discussion is presented of the tulierculin test, its 

 efficiency, and the means of arriving at a practical judgment concerning the signifi- 

 cance of reactions which are obtained by its use. Statistics are given from the 

 experiences of the author and other writers relating to the percentage of tuljerculous 

 animals in <lifferent herds. The rules for the application of tu])erculin laid down by 

 the author are as follows: The tul)erculin must be thoroughly reliable; the herd to 

 be tested must be kept quiet and undisturbed, without great change of food, pasture, 

 surroundings, or management during the experiment; and all special conditions which 

 influence the reaction in individual cases must be taken into consideration. The 

 author considers all animals which react with an elevation of temperature of more 

 than 25° F. as tuberculous. 



Relation of bovine to liuman tuberculosis. Tuberculin tests of the col- 

 lege herd, G. H. Glover and B. C. Buffum (Coloradn Sla. Bid. GO, pp. ^6, pis. S). — 

 A large portion of this bulletin is of a controversial nature. An attempt is made to 

 summarize evidence which tends to disprove the contention of Koch that human 

 and bovine tuberculosis are distinct diseases. The tuberculin test was applied to 

 the college herd for the purpose of determining whether or not any of the animals 

 were affected with tuberculosis. The tuberculin test was made on 31 head of cattle, 

 and of this number 10, or 32} per cent, reacted. Of the 31 head, 11 were Jerseys 

 and 20 Shorthorns, and 5 of each breed reacted, with 2 additional doubtful cases 

 among the Shorthorns. Post-mortem examinations were made on 5 of the animals 

 and the details of pathological changes are given. It is concluded that while tuber- 



