FIELD OROl'!^. 1039 



The cost of cotton cultivation, (i. 1'. Foadicn (Jnxr. k'li<<llr. Ai/r. Soc. and School 

 Ayr., 3 [1901), \o. .',, /.j,. J!7-JJ9).~\ lirief n)ii.si(U'ratiun nf tlic uiitlay involved in 

 growing cotton in Egypt, Queensland, and America. 



The exhaustive eflfects of the cotton crop, (J. V. Foadkn {.hmr. Khtdir. A(jr. 

 Soc. and ScJuidI Ayr., .i (1901), Ni>. 5, pp. 205-J09) .—Th'xa article gives the quantities 

 of i>Iant food withdrawn from the soil by the cotton jilant and c<impan's thnn with 

 amounts removed hy the nK)st common field cro})s. 



Cowpea culture, J. F. Ducjuak [Aldhaina Co/hyc Sla. Hnl. US, pp. 40, figs. 2). — 

 Various exiieriments with cowpeas conducted at the station dniing the last (i years 

 are described and the results reported and iliscusscd. directions for the culture of 

 the cowpea for seetl and f(U- hay are given. 



Cowpeas were planted in April, June, and July, and lioiu the results obtained it 

 is concluded that usually nothing is gained by planting Ijefore May. For the pro- 

 duction of seed, planting in June was most satisfactory. New Era cowpeas planted 

 April 26 matureil 2 crops before frost. 



Tests in subsoiling and liming did not show an increase in yield. 



In one test broadcast sowing gave a larger yield of hay than drilling and cultivating, 

 but the author does not consider broadcasting ascertain a method in unfavorable 

 seasons. 



Among the large nund)er of vai'ieties tested New Era and Black and lied Ripper 

 produced the most seed. Wonderful and Clay produced the largest average yield of 

 hay for 3 years. The number of seeds per bushel varied from 94,634 with Taylor to 

 over 236,000 with New F"ra and Small Klack. The number of pounds of dry unhulled 

 peas required to shell a l)ushel ranged from 78 lbs. with the F.n)\vn-eye Crowder to 

 90 ll)s. with Wonderful. 



On the station soil fertilizer produced very slight gains. For poor sandy or loamy 

 soils the use of acid i)hosphate with (jr without potash is recommended. The results 

 of 3 tests showed a superiority of acid phosphate over crude phosphate. 



Analyses were made of the different parts of the cowpea plant, and the results are 

 given in tabular form. With some varieties from 51 to 75 per cent of the whole plant 

 by weight was obtained in the hay, and of this quantity the leaves averaged 30 per 

 cent. The leaves were found to be at least twice as rich in protein as the other jiarts 

 of the plant. It is stated thatcowj^ea hay resembles wheat bran in composition, ami 

 that the seeds are much richer in nitrogen than either wheat bran or corn. 



As compared with velvet beans, cowpeas have an advantage in curing and in 

 palatability, but a disadvantage in lieing subject to attacks of nematode worms and 

 several fungus diseases. At the station, cowpeas have also given a higher average 

 yield than velvet beans, soy beans, and beggarweed. By sowing sorghum witti cow- 

 peas the yield of hay was increased, but it did not facilitate curing. 



"Cows pastured on cornstalks and drilled cowpeas between the corn rows afforded 

 butter and increased live weight worth, in 1900, 1^4.47 per acre grazed over. The 

 next year the returns in butter alone from cowpeas drilled l)et ween the corn rows was 

 $5.28 per acre." 



Winter forage crops for the South, C. \i. F>ali, ( V. S. Dept. Agr., Farnwrs Bui. 

 147, jtj). .%\ fig.s. >^4). — This bulletin discusses the past and present winter forage condi- 

 tions of the South, and l)rieHy reviews the forage resources of the region lor the 

 winter months. A list of forage crops, including gras.ses, leguminous plants, and 

 rape, is recommended as furnishing forage during tiie winter. I<:acli species is 

 described and directions for its culture are given. 



Grasses ( A>?<; Zealand Dept. Agr. Rpt. 1901, ]>p. 159-163).— T\w kinds of grasses on 

 trial at the Momohaki Experiment Station, New Zealand, with brief notes on their 

 value, are given in a tal)le. 



Grass seeding (Rural Neir Yorker, 00 (1901), No. kfOS^, p. .',30).— A report on an 

 experimental seeding of grass by the Clark method. 



