KORKSTKY. 1053 



front' an fxteiifiivt' revision mikIit the ilirection and ('0()]>eration of some of tlu' l)est 

 •ranliiHTs of (Ternianv . It is urraniri-il ulphalM-tically with n-fcrrnre to plants cnlti- 

 vatfil in the greenhouse ami <.'arclt'n, ami to misccilaneoiis hnrticultuial subjects. 



FORESTRY. 



The forest garden, S. 1'.. (Jukkn { Mimi>s,,tn Sin. linl. 72, pp. .30;1-321, fu/s. 10).— 

 A report is given of forest investigations liegnn at Coteau farm, the ol)jeet l)eing to 

 tleterniine the hanliness of trees, the kinds a<lapte(l to different jilantings, and the 

 rate of growth of the different trees. This region is situated in a higli i»rairie, and 

 is representative of a considerable area of tlie southwestern part of the State. The 

 trees were planted in rows S to 10 ft. ajuirt and 2 ft. apart in the row. The soil 

 was cultivated to keep down the grass and weeds and to preserve a .soil nnilch. It 

 was found that after establishing a windbreak it is comparatively easy to grow trees 

 on the land under investigation, if reasonable attention is i)aid to keeping the soil 

 cultivated about the plants. It was also found possible to produce a shelter belt 

 and also a fuel supply at the same time. For this purpose the author recommends 

 the use oi the common white willow of that section. This will j)roduce annually 

 from 'i^ to 5 cords of iirevvt)od per acre. The nursery stock u.fe<l in this exiierinient 

 was nearly all grown within the State, and consisteil rjf 4.S varieties of trees, the 

 hardiness of which is reported upon in detail. 



The eiFect of ice storms on trees, II. II. Chapman {Forestry and Irriy., 8 {1902), 

 Xi). .3, J), l.id). — An account is given of the effect of a sev'ere storm, accompanied by 

 rain an<l ice, on trees on Staten Island. The trees were elm, beech, tulij), i)oplar, 

 and black oak; and many had sound lim))s liroken that were 4 in. or more in diam- 

 eter. White oak alone seemed to resist serious damage by the greater strength of 

 its branches. To calculate the force which causes such destruction, a nundjer of 

 twigs were cut transversely and diagrams made of the thickness of twig and ice 

 incrustation. Calculating from the relative area in cross section, it was found that 

 twigs \ in. thick were carrying from 30 to 40 times their weight of ice, and those \ 

 in. thick about 20 times their weight. While the exact calculation would be rather 

 difficult, it seems safe to say that branches 1 in. thick were called upon to support a 

 weight more than 10 times as great as usual, and possiVjly considerably more. In 

 a<ldition to this heavy weight, the trees were subjected to high winds, multiplying 

 the effect of the heavy burden. In many cases all the liml)s of trees were broken 

 and the crown reduced fully 90 per cent. 



Colorado forest fires in 1901, H. Michelsex {Foirstri/ (ind Irrlg., S {1902), No. 

 3, ]>p. 111-116). — There were 140 forest fires in the forest reservations of the State 

 during the year; the area burned amounted to 1,(590 acres; and the tind)er destroyed 

 was valued at $5,375. Outside the reserves, 100 square miles of timber land were 

 burned over. The loss by counties is given, and the possible effect of the destruc- 

 tion of the forest cover on evaporation is commented upon. 



The planting of exotic trees in southern Florida, J. (Jiffokd {Furrxtri/ and 

 Irrig., <V {1902), Xu. -J, }>p. llG-121, Jifjx. 4)- — Attention is called to the value of a 

 number of exotic trees for planting in southern Florida. Among the trees suggested 

 for such jilanting are mentioned the kukui nut {Alenrhes niolurranu), various species 

 of eucalyi)tus, cajeput (MeUdeuca li'ncodendron), camphor trees, and cork oak. 



Tree planting in Maryland, A. Nkii-sox {ForeMrii (iiid Irri(i.,S {1902), No. 2, pp. 

 72-75, JiijH. .}). — An account is given of the carefully kept record of the tree plant- 

 ing that has been conducted for 80 years at Priestford Farm, Harford County, Mary- 

 land. Beginning in 1822 the farm had no timber of any consequence. At the pres- 

 ent date it contains a wood lot of 40 acres and, in addition, has about 3,000 locust 

 trees of various ages. All fencing material needed in the past tiO years has been pro- 



