1054 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOKD. 



duced on the farm, and a large amount of posts and other material has been sold in the 

 meantime. In the spring of 1822 there were planted a considerable number of yellow 

 poplars, red oaks, white ash, maples, hemlocks, and catalpas; all but the catalpas 

 coming from nearby woods. At the present time the maples average 33 in. in diam- 

 eter, the poplars 48 in., hemlocks 36 in., white ash 38 in., catalpas 30 in., and red 

 oaks 24 in. In the same year there were planted 4,000 chestnuts from which trees 

 were grown, and at the present time there are 70 standing in the wood lot, 40 of 

 them of the original planting, the remainder being second and third growth from 

 stumps. The original trees average 30 in. in diameter, while the others average 15 

 in. in diameter. In 1826 a lane half a mile long was planted with yellow locust seed. 

 The trees were allowed to grow for about 30 years before any cutting was done. In 

 1875 posts to the value of $500 were sold. In 1901 sales were made to the amount of 

 about $800, and prior to 1875 no record was kept of any of the cuttings. Additional 

 notes are given of different plantings from 1826 to 1898. 



Forestry in Massachusetts, W. H. Manning {Forestri/ and Irrig., S ( 1902), No. 

 2, pp. 80-83, figs. 2). — Attention is called to the fact that the first settlers of Massa- 

 chusetts did not find an impenetraljle tangle of forests covering the State, but there 

 were extensive openings where by fire and other means the forests had been destroyed. 

 After the settlement of the country the woods were cut so rapidly that a scarcity of 

 timber began as early as 1760. About 1792 the Massachusetts Society for Promoting 

 Agriculture offered prizes for the most expeditious way of clearing lands in areas of 

 not less than 20 acres. At the same time they conducted investigations to ascertain 

 whether the growth of timber kept pace with the cutting. It was found that cutting 

 so greatly exceeded the natural growth that a serious scarcity of firewood was 

 threatened, and this led to a reversal of the former policy, and prizes were offered 

 for forest plantations. The early plantations were made of hard wood jjrincipally, 

 such as oaks and hickories, followed later by the white pine, and at a still later 

 period with larches, Scotch pine, and Norway spruce. It was soon found that the 

 foreign trees possessed no advantages over the native ones. During this time but 

 little attention was given to the development of the existing forest growth. The 

 attempts at reforestation are briefly traced and suggestions given for planting. At 

 the present time the mixed forest growth has little or no value except for cord wood, 

 and it is estimated that the production of cord wood amounts to about 1 cord per year 

 per acre up to 30 or 40 years. In general the annual growth near towns increases in 

 assessed value about $1 per acre up to the time of cutting. According to the author, 

 the State census shows that farmers and other owners of wood lots throughout the 

 State have secured a return of 5 jjer cent on the value of their wood lots. 



Maple plantations in Vermont, G. H. Myers {Forestry and Irrig., 8 {1902), No. 

 S, pp. 123-126, figs. 3). — An account is given of plantings of maple trees in Vermont 

 which were the result of the offering of prizes for the best plantations. A number 

 of small plantations were made, 7 of which still remain, and were examined by the 

 writer during the past summer. These plantations vary from \ to 15 acres. The 

 methods of i^lanting and present condition are described. In general, the artificial 

 plantations are reported in poor condition, and attention is called to the possible 

 results of thinning the volunteer or natural growth as means for the ])roduction of 

 sugar orchards. 



Forests of Alaska, B. E. Fernow {Forestry and Irrig., 8 {1902), No. 2, pp. 66-70, 

 figs. 2). — The author describes the forests of Alaska, calling particular attention to 

 their availability and uses. While conceding that the forests are of considerable 

 extent, he doubts their value for the best quality of lumber, at least under the present 

 conditions. 



Forestry in connection -writh the sand dunes of Queensland, A. J. Boyd 

 {Queeiixland Agr. Jour., 10 {1902), No. 2, pp. 123-125, ph. 2, figs. 2).— A description 

 is given of a number of sand dunes occurring along the shores of various parts of 



