1062 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Continued studies on the formation of the switches' broom rust (Puccinia 

 arrhenatheri) on the barberry, J. Eriksson (A'. Landt. AknrJ. Handl. Tidslr., 39 

 {1900), Xo. .-,-6, pp. .346-360). 



On the organization of an international system of phytopathological exper- 

 imentation, J. Eriksson (A'. Landt. Akad. Handl. Tidskr., .39 (1900), Xo. 5-6, pp. 

 361-368). 



ENTOMOLOGY. 



Report of the entomologist, H. A. Gossard {Florida Stu. Rpt. 1901, pji. 58-75). — 

 The author continued the work of the inspection of nurseries, and reports that the 

 nurseries within the State are carefully and effectively fumigated. The cottony 

 cushion scale is no longer a serious enemy, ha\dng been largely destroyed by the 

 Australian lady bug. The peach scale has also been checked by the attacks of the 

 lady bugs. Notes are given on the haliits and life history of a number of pther scale 

 insects and mealy bugs. San Jose scale is now reported from 25 different localities 

 in the State. Injury to pecans is reported from Acrohasis caryic and Mineola jnglandis. 

 The white fly was unusually abundant during the year, l)ut its numbers were much 

 reduced by fungus diseases, especially the red and brown fungus. One orange grove, 

 which has been infested for at least 10 years with this insect, seems not to have suf- 

 fered severely. Good results are reported from the use of resin wash in combating 

 this insect, and the author also recommends spraying during the winter with a 10 or 

 15 per cent mixture of kerosene in water. Fumigation experiments were made with 

 the assistance of C. W. Woodworth. Several patterns of tents were used for covering 

 trees in the orchards. Details are given of the management of these tents and the 

 time required for fumigating trees. It was founil that a greater volume of gas was 

 obtained when the sulphuric acid and water were mixed and used immediately than 

 when the mixture was allowed to become cool. No serious injury was done to the 

 foliage, whether fumigation was done at night, in cloudy weather, or in bright sun- 

 shine. The white flj' was nearly exterminated by fumigation. It was also observed 

 that lady bugs were not all destroyed during the process of fumigation, although 

 many of them were stupefied, but later recovered from the effects of the gas. Brief 

 notes are also presented on a number of miscellaneous insects. 



First report of the government entomologist, 1899-1900, C. Fullkr {Rpt. 

 Govt. Ent., I>ept. Aijr. Xaial, 1899-1900, j)j>. 154, j>l.s. J5, Jir/s. -?.?).— This constitutes 

 the report of the author as government entomologist for Natal, and contains, in addi- 

 tion, a general discussion of insects and a special consideration of numerous notes 

 on various plant diseases, weeds, etc. The plant diseases which receive most atten- 

 tion are oat rust, "corn blight," barley blight, jiotato blight, and potato scab, as well 

 as a number of fungus diseases of fruit trees and small fruits. A study was made of the 

 biology of Striga coccinea. This weed was found to fix itself upon the roots of corn, 

 from which it absorbed a portion of its nourishment. 



General directions are given for spraying orchard and garden crops, and for mak- 

 ing a choice of spraying machinery and of insecticides. Formulas are given for the 

 preparation of the most important insecticides. Directions are also presented for the 

 application of hydrocyanic-acid gas in orchard fumigation. 



A popular classification of insects is given, and of the important insects which 

 receive special consideration the following maj' be mentioned : Colias electra, injuring 

 alfalfa; *S'e.<ia?rt(a/Msca, attacking corn; codling moth; wattle bagworms; a species of 

 Animula which is more or less injurious to Acacia mollissima; Egyholia vafllantina, 

 injurious to peaches; Ophiuza ('ienardi, attackmg various species of fruit trees; cut- 

 worms; diamond-back moth; grain moth {Gelechia solanella); blister beetle; grain 

 weevil; Monochamvs leuconotxi.% injurious to coffee; a fruit fly belonging to the genus 

 Ceratitis, and closely related to the species which is injurious in Cape Colony; horse 



