1064 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Injurious insects, W. Lochhead {Ontario Agr. Col. and Expt. Farm lipt. 1901, pp. 

 lS-£^n, fig. 1) . — Brief notes are given on formulas for the preparation of Paris green, 

 hellebore, insect powder, whale-oil soap, kerosene emulsion, and a t'oml)ination of 

 Paris green and Bordeaux mixture. The insects which were especially injurious 

 during the season 1901 were Hessian fly, apple-tree borers, plant lice, San Jose 

 scale and other species of scale insects, as well as potato-stalk borer, rose chafer, 

 asparagus beetle, and tussock moth. It is reported that the tussock moth is at pres- 

 ent a less serious enemy of the shade trees than it was 8 or 4 years ago. 



Third report of the State entomolog'ist and pathologist on the San Jose 

 scale, and the administration of the crop-pest laAvs of Virginia, W. B. Alwood 

 {Rkhmond, Va.: C W. Sa>i)idert^, 1901, jip. ,5,S, /x'.v. 10, figx. 4,_>i>aj) 1) . — Brief notes 

 are given on the history of the San Jose scale in Virginia. Cojnes are given of the 

 various acts of the State legislature which have been passed regarding this insect and 

 also of the rules and requirements for the government of the State entomologist and 

 pathologist in enforcing the law. According to the most recent act of the State legis- 

 lature the Board of Crop Pest Commissioners are authorized to inspect orchards and 

 other premises, and are specifically charged with nursery inspection and the inspec- 

 tion of nursery stock shipped into the State from outside sources. The author dis- 

 cusses the problems connected with the inspection of imported nursery stock. It is 

 urged that certificates of inspection should not be accepted unless they are issued 

 from offices with which entomologists of known standing are connected. The author 

 gives a statement of the requirements in the ordinarj- form of certificate of inspec- 

 tion in Virginia. The question of the constitutionality of inspection laws is discussed 

 and it is argued that State inspectors should not l)e asked to accept certificates with- 

 out reference to the qualifications of the person who signs them. 



The San Jose scale is gradually becoming more widely distributed throughout the 

 State. Wherever there is a city or large village in an infested county, the town prop- 

 erty is usually found to be the center of greatest infestation. In general the local 

 spread of the San Jose scale is still slight; in some instances, however, it has been of 

 a serious nature. A list of States is given to which infested nursery stock lias Ijeen 

 traced, and the dissemination of the scale by State nurseries and outside nurseries is 

 presented in a talnilar form. The author discusses the general condition with regard 

 to infestation by the San Jose scale in different States. The insect pests and plant 

 diseases which are dealt with according to the Virginia inspection laws are San Jose 

 scale, woolly aphis, peach yellows, black knot of plum and cherry, pear blight and 

 twig blight of apple, and crown gall. A brief description is given of each one of 

 these pests and the most effective remedies are suggested in each case. Especial 

 attention is given to remedial measures against San Jose scale and the results of 

 experiments extending over several years are summarized. It is concluded that 

 kerosene furnishes the most relial>le remedy against the scale for use on hardy fruit 

 trees and other jilants, in winter or summer. There is some danger in careless use 

 of kerosene on peach trees and other stone fruits. Soap washes, when strong enough 

 to 1)6 effective, are found to be more dangerous for summer work than kerosene and 

 much more expensive. Directions are given for the preparation and application of 

 kerosene sprays. It is urged that where only a few young trees or jilants are found 

 infested in a given locality, these plants should be destroyed, since in this way the 

 scale'may be destroyed for the particular locality. The author does not believe that 

 the San Jose scale can be exterminated, but the methods in present use are sufficient 

 to hold it in check. A list of the host plants of the San Jose scale are given and a 

 detailed financial statement is appende<l to the report. 



Treatment for San Jose scale in orchards. I, Orchard fumigation, F. A. 

 SiRRiNE {Neir York State Sta. Bid. i^09, pp. 341-372, ph. 10). — During the winter of 

 1900-1901 a number of apple and peach trees which had been fumigated during the 

 previous winter were again treated. Tests were also made in other orchards con- 



