228 



THE BEHAVIOUR OF POLYPLOIDS 



Cassia mimosoides 

 Silene ciliata 

 Dianthus carthusianorum 

 D. plumarius . 

 D. arenarius 

 Festuca elatior 

 Phacellanthns tuhiflorus 

 Pellia epiphylla 



n = 8, i6 



«= 12, 24, 96 



n = 15, 30 



n = 15. 45 

 n = 30, 60 



n = 7, 21, 35 

 n = 21, 35, 42 

 w = 9, 18 



Kawakami, 1930. 

 Blackburn, 1928. 



I Rohweder, 1929 ; Andersson 

 I and Gairdner, 1931. 



Lewitsky and Kuzmina, 1927. 

 Matsuura, 1935. 

 Heitz, 1928. 



B. Associated with slight systematic differences (cf. Tables 33 and 70) 



Plantago major L., s.l. 

 Papaver nudicaule, s.l. 



Erophila verna L., s.l. 

 Viola Patrini DC, 5./. 

 V. biflora L., 5./. 

 V. Kitaibeliana R. et S., s.l. 



Valeriana officinalis L., 5./. 



Ranunculus Ficaria . 

 Vicia Cracca L. 

 Prunus spinosa 



P. domestica L. 

 Rosa blanda 



s.l. 



Phalaris arundinacea 

 Ly thrum Salicaria] . 



Solanum nigrum, s.l. 

 Biscutella Icsvigata 

 Dianthus superbus 



Portulaca oleracea 

 Euphorbia granulata 

 Tulipa Clusiana 

 T. chrysantha 

 Crocus sativus 



Allium nutans 



A. schoenoprasum 



n — 

 n — 



n = 



n = 



n = 



n — 



n = 



n — 



n = 



2W = 



n = 

 2W = 



n = 

 n — 



n = 

 n = 

 n = 



6, 12 



7. 35 



7. 15. 32 . 

 12, 24, 36 . 



6, 24 



7, 8, ca. 12, 

 18, 24. 



7, 14, 28 . 



8, (9), 16 . 

 (6), 7. 14 . 

 16, 24, 32, 



40, 48 



8, 24 



14 (16), 45 



7. 14 

 15, 25 



12, 24, 36 . 



9, 18 +, 27 

 15. 30 



Miyaji (c/. Ishikawa, 1916). 

 Ekstrand, 191 8 ; Ljungdahl, 



1924. 

 Winge, 1926. 

 Miyaji (1913, 1926), 1929. 

 Miyaji, 1929. 

 J. Clausen, 1927, 1929, 1931 c. 



Meurman, 1925 ; Senjaninova, 



1927. 

 Larter, 1932. 

 Sveshnikova, 1928.* 



D., 1928, 1930 a ; 

 1936. 



Erlanson, 1929, 1931 



Mather, 



n = 9, 27 



n = 10, 20 

 2n = 24, 48, 60 . 

 2n = 24, 48 

 2n = 14, 15 and 

 24 {=3x, Karasawa, 1933). 



2fl = 16, 24, 32,^ 



Church, 1929. 



Tischler, 1928, 1929 b ; 



Shinke, 1929. 

 Vilmorin and Simonet, 1928. 

 Manton, 1932, 

 Rohweder, 1929 ; Andersson 



and Gairdner, 1931. 

 Hagerup, 1932. 

 Hagerup, 1932. 

 D., 1932. 



Upcott and La Cour, 1936. 

 Mather, 1932. 



2n 



40, 48, 56, 



64, 108. 



= 16, 24, 32 



Levan, 1935 b. 

 Levan, 1935 6. 



* Three geographical races of Vicia Cracca are found (Sveshnikova, 1928) 

 with 12, 14 and 28 chromosomes. The 12-chromosome race differs from 

 the 14-chromosome race in having two short pairs in place of the one 

 long one {v. Fig. 15). The 28-chromosome race has the complement of the 

 14-chromosome race represented twice except that one pair have lost their 

 trabants, an indication that changes in nucleolar organisation have taken 

 place in the polyploid since its origin. The same combined differences are 

 found in Ranunculus acris, R. Ficaria and Crocus vermis (Mather, 1932). 



I Since this species contains different forms, all polyploid, differences in 

 the genetic basis of its heterostylism are understandable. 



