74 I KIANDRIA— DIGYNIA. Phalaris. 



ture in Pomerettlla, Ehrharta, Tetrmrhena, Microlama, 

 and perhaps Phalaris* In this last section are compre- 

 hended several genera, more or less anomalous in struc- 

 ture, and certainly ill understood by botanists in general. 

 They either have separated Jfowers, or a deficiency of 

 calij.v, or an unusual number of stamens. Most of them 

 are tropical and aquatic grasses. 



Grasses yield more sustenance to man and to the larger 

 animals, than all the rest of the vegetable kingdom to- 

 gether. Their herbage, so perpetually springing, and so 

 tenacious of life, accommodated, in one instance or other, 

 to almost every climate, soil, and situation, affords to 

 Nature her most welcome clothing, and to the cultivator 

 of the soil his chief riches. Nothing poisonous or inju- 

 rious is found among them, if we except the intoxicating 

 quality attributed to the seeds of Lolium ; but many are 

 gratefully aromatic. Their farinaceous albumen supplies 

 man with the staff of life, in Wheat, Rye, Barley, Rice 

 and Maize, and makes a great part of the food of many 

 birds and small quadrupeds. 



As man cannot live on tasteless unmixed flour alone, so 

 neither can cattle, in general, be supported by mere grass, 

 without the addition of various plants, in themselves too 

 acrid, bitter, salt, or narcotic, to be eaten unmixed. 

 Spices, and a portion of animal food, supply us with the 

 requisite stimulus, or additional nutriment ; as the Ra- 

 nunculus tribe, and many others, season the pasturage and 

 fodder of cattle. 



29. PHALARIS. Canary-grass. 



Linn. Gen. 32. Juss. 29. FL Br. 62. Lam. t. 42. Gccrtn. t. SO. 

 Schrad. Genu. v. 1. 1/7. 



Cal, single-flowered, of 2, nearly equal, compressed, keeled 

 valves, whose straight inner margins meet. Cor. smaller 

 than the cal. concealed, of 3 or 4 valves ; the outermost 

 smallest, lanceolate, acute, of 1 or 2 valves; 2 inner ones 

 twice as large, unequal, cartilaginous, downy, subsequently 

 hardened and closely investing the seed. Nect. 2 equal, 

 ovate, thin scales. Filam. capillary. Anth. oblong. Styles 

 very short, with long feathery stigmas. Seed ovate, coated 

 with the inner corolla. Stems leafy. Inflorescence more 

 or less compound, though often apparently a simple spike. 



1. Ph. canadensis. Manured Canary-grass. 

 Panicle ovate, resembling a spike. Calyx-glumes boat-. 



