TETRANDRIA-MONOGYNIA. Galium. 201 



hooks 3 the upper side, near the edges, with bristles pointing 

 forward, as are also the edges themselves, except near the base, 

 where there are often some reversed hooks. Panicles small, ter- 

 minal, forked, smooth, except the main stalk. Buds purplish. 

 Cor. cream-coloured ; segments 3-ribbed, acute, pointless. Anth. 

 at first pale yellowish green, but soon turning to a reddish 

 brown. Style deeply cloven. Stigm. globular, green. Germen 

 and fruit smooth. 

 Dr. Withering's figure erroneously represents the stem clothed 

 with long, straight, erect hairs, though his own specimen is as 

 above described. Hence Professor Hooker judged this " a very 

 doubtful species" j but without seeing the plant, which may well 

 excuse his mistake ; for the species of this genus require accu- 

 rate and minute investigation. The present turns brown in 

 drying, which G. uliginosum does not. Other characters of the 

 latter will be found in their proper place. 



4. G. saxatile. Smooth Heath Bed-straw. 



Leaves six in a whorl, obovate, obtuse, with a small point. 

 Stem much branched, prostrate, smooth. Fruitgranulated. 



G. saxatile. Linn. Sp. PL 154. Willd. v. 1.588. Fl.Br.\75. Engl. 

 Bot. v. 12. t. 8 1 5. Hook. Scot. 5 1 . Willem. Stell. 4 1 . 



G. montanum. Huds.67. Cullum 55. Relh.66. 



G. procumbens. With. 187. Sibth. 59. Abbot 34. 



G. harcynicum. Weig. Obs. 25. Willd. Sp. PL v. 1 . 595. Ehrh. 

 Herb. 82. DeCand. Ic.fasc. 1.8.*. 25. 



G. n. 717. Hall. Hist. v. 1.317. 



Mollugo montana minor, galio albo similis. Raii Stjn. 224. Herb. 

 Buddie. 



Ray's Small Madder. Petiv. H. Brit. t. 30./. 6. 



On heaths and hilly ground abundantly. 



Perennial. June — August. 



Root creeping. Stems procumbent, or straggling, smooth, square, 

 Leaves numerous ; small on the lateral branches ; thrice as 

 large on the stem ; obovate, with a small flat point, dark green, 

 smooth on both sides, roughish at the edges, more or less, with 

 short, direct, tooth-like serratures. Fl. milk-white, copious and 

 very conspicuous amongst heath, grass, &c, in smooth, forked, 

 terminal and lateral panicles. Seeds reddish after the flowers 

 fall ; wrinkled if abortive, as in Dr. Hooker's specimens ; but if 

 fertile, minutely dotted while young, and subsequently covered 

 with prominent granulations. 



Willdenow is wrong in his synonyms, as in most of the genus. No 

 species can be more common, or more distinct, though hitherto 

 greatly misunderstood. The leaves vary in breadth. 



5. G. uliginosum. Rough Marsh Bed-straw. 

 Leaves six in a whorl, obovate-lanceolate, rigid, bristle- 



