304 PENTANDRIA— MONOGYNIA. Viola. 



very pale blue, with purple streaks j or white, in /3, with redder 

 lines 5 the spur very short, and rounded. Anth. orange-coloured, 

 bordered, distinct. Stigma hollow, tumid at the upper side. 



4. V. canina. Dog's Violet. 



Stem at length ascending, channelled. Leaves oblong- 

 heart-shaped. Calyx acute. Stipulas serrated. Bracteas 

 awl-shaped, entire. 



V. canina. Linn. Sp. PL 1324. Willd. v. 1 . 1 1 64. Fl.Br.246. Engl. 

 Bot. v.9.t. 620. Curt. Lond.fasc. 2. t.6\. Hook. Scot. 77. Fl. 

 Dan. t. 1453. 



V. n.563. Hall. Hist. v. 1. 242. 



V. n. 5G2. Hall. Nomencl. 52. 



V. martia inodova sylvestris. llaii Syn. 364. 



V. inodora major. Riv. Pentap. Irr. t. 1 19./. 4. 



V. canina sylvestris. Ger. Em. 851./. 



/3. V. canina, flore albo. Merr. Pin. 125. Dill, in Raii Syn. 364. 



y. V. alpina. Huds. ed. 1. 379. 



V. martia alpina, folio tenello circinato. Raii Syn. 366. 



In groves, thickets, hedges, and heathy ground, the most common 

 species. 



Perennial. April — August. 



Root rather woody. Stem at first none, or very short, but soon 

 rising to several inches in height, rather obliquely, being leafy, 

 angular, and smooth. Leaves heart-shaped, more or less elon- 

 gated into a point, nearly smooth, crenate. Footstalks slightly 

 dilated upwards. Stipulas rather deeply toothed, or fringed. 

 Flower-stalks square, erect ; the earliest ones radical ; the rest 

 axillary, solitary. Bracteas towards the upper part, narrow, en- 

 tire. Fl. nodding, inodorous, blue, with purple lines in the 

 mouth, and a greenish white, abrupt spur ; they are far less 

 handsome than V. odorata, more resembling V. hirta. Calyx- 

 leaves linear-lanceolate. Anth. orange-tipped, scarcely cohe- 

 ring. Caps, oblong ; its valves compressed. 



The white variety is not frequent. The alpine one, y, is a very 

 uncertain plant, of which I know nothing but from the authors 

 quoted. 



5. V. lactea. Cream-coloured Violet. 



Stem ascending, round. Leaves ovate-lanceolate. Stipulas 

 jagged. Bracteas lanceolate, somewhat serrated. 



V. lactea. Fl. Br. 247. R. Cycl. n. 27. Engl. Bot. v. 7. t. 445. 



Hook. Scot. 77. Sym. Syn.6\. Ait. H. Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. 46. 



Forst. Tonbr. 29. 

 V. canina var. 3. With. 262. 

 V. Ruppii. Allion. Pedem.v. 2, 99. t.26.f. 6. Bertolon. Am. Ital. 132. 



