The School of Forestry in the Esamal in Spain. 397 



objects of natural history ; an official assistant secretary ; an official 

 assistant librarian ; two clerks ; a steward ; a resident in charge of the 

 school forest ; a porter ; three servitors ; necessary warders and sub- 

 warders for the protection of the land and mountains appropriated 

 to the service of the school ; and labourers and peasants required for 

 work on the same. 



The instruction is given (1) by oral lectures and lessons in drawing 

 by the professors ; (2) by written exercises, calculations, and analyses 

 on the subjects embraced by these lectures ; (3) by the detailed study 

 of the animals, rocks, plants, and forest products which constitute the 

 collections and adjuncts of the establishment ; (4) by the practice of 

 topography, land surveying, the study of natural history and moun- 

 tains in the field ; (5) by excursions to the plantations and mountains. 



The school sessions extend, with specified holidays, from the 1st 

 of October of one year to the 31st of May in the year following. 

 Field exercises are included in this session, but according to what 

 may be required in different classes these may be extended over the 

 months of June, July, and August. 



The material provisions for study are specified as consisting of the 

 buildings, lands, forests, nurseries, gardens, and their dependencies ; ap- 

 propriated to the school is a meteorological observatory ; the furniture 

 of the institution, a library and collections of charts and drawings ; a 

 laboratory and cabinet of chemistry, with apparatus and reagents ; 

 collections and museums of topography, land surveying, and cabinets 

 of illustrations of natural history, of mountains, of mechanics, and of 

 forest industries ; the collection of iron implements employed in the 

 practical working of the school lands or in the study of the pupils ; 

 herbaria and collections of plants and of fruits ; and in conclusion, the 

 workshops and machinery, with all the iron tools belonging to these, 

 and the equipments and arms of the warders and dependants. 



The students do not live in the school. Each is required to lodge 

 his address with the secretary of the school, and to keep him informed 

 of any change of residence made by him. They are required to supply 

 themselves with all text-books, mathematical instruments, writing 

 and drawing implements, and the uniform enjoined upon students • 

 but beyond this I knovv^ of no pecuniary charge made upon them, 

 Eegular and punctual attendance, studious attention, and respectful 

 and orderly behaviour are enjoined. 



Occasional absence, even with consent of the instructor, want of 

 punctuality, inattention, &c., are punished by deductions from the 

 numerical value attached to the attendance required in order to 

 obtain a diploma at the close of the course ; disobedience, insubordi- 

 nation, &c., are punished by expulsion or suspension till tlie decision 

 of the Government is obtained. 



