The School of Forestry in the Esctirial in Spaifi. 395 



Every year there are issued prograniines specifying the subjects 

 on which applicants for admission must be prepared to be examined. 

 According to the programme for the present year, 1877, the pre- 

 liminary entrance examination through which applicants must pass 

 embraces amongst others the following subjects : — Theory of mechanics: 

 the general principles of statics, and their application to the determina- 

 tion of the centre of gravity ; the general principles of dynamics, inclu- 

 ding inertia, momentum, reaction, vital force, movements of points and 

 movements of bodies under varied conditions, and the establishment 

 of equilibrium. Descriptive geometry, and its application to projec- 

 tions and perspective, embracing points, straight lines, circles, and 

 planes, triangles, polyhedrons, sections and intersections of these, 

 tangents, cylinders, cones, lines of revolution, involution, plane and 

 conic sections, the projection of shadows, and the geometrical laws of 

 perspective. Physics : properties of bodies, gravity, specific gravity, 

 peculiarities of solids, of liquids, capillarity, gases, atmospheric pressure, 

 elastic force of bodies, flotation, and temperature. Acoustics : propaga- 

 tion of sound, and distinctive characters of sounds. Heat : expansion of 

 bodies in a solid, a liquid, and a gaseous state, and operations by which 

 it is effected ; hygrometry, and transmission of heat. Optics : propa- 

 gation of light, photometry, reflection from plane and curved surfaces, 

 refraction and dispersion of rays, structure of the eye, optical 

 instruments, double refraction, and polarization of light. Electricity 

 and magnetism : static electricity, distribution by conductors, measure 

 of electric force, magnetism, dynamic electricity, electro-magnetism, 

 electro-telegraphy, thermo-electric currents, electric induction. 

 Meteorology: thermometrical observations, winds, aqueous phenomena, 

 electric phenomena, luminous phenomena. Chemistry: chemical nota- 

 tion, combining proportions, theory of chemical equivalents, specific heat, 

 atomic theory, metalloids and their more important compounds, other 

 elementary bodies, the more important combinations of hydrogen, 

 combinations of oxygen with other quasi-elements, fiuorate of silica, 

 carburetted hydrogen, cyanogen, general properties of metallic and 

 other salts, special study of the more important metals and their 

 compounds. Natural history : distribution of existing bodies in groups 

 and kingdoms, distinctive characteristics of species, of organs, 

 apparatus and functions, mode of studying minerals and determining 

 their production, composition,and importance, crystallography; classifi- 

 cation, nomenclature, and chemical properties of minerals. Botany : 

 structure and forms of vegetables, organs of vegetation, roots, stems 

 leaves, with their variation and arrangement, and effects of this on 

 ramification ; flowers, inflorescence, calyx, corolla, stamens, pistils, 

 and ovary ; fruits, seeds, vegetable physiology, nourishment and 

 growth, reproduction, classification, and specifiication of properties 



