566 The Journal of Forestry. 



They had thus an enormous difference, resulting purely and solely from 

 shading of trees, a difference amounting to two degrees on the mean over 

 the whole year. He concluded by pointing out that the observations 

 carried out in Germany would lead to more exact scientific knowledge as 

 to the results of forests on climate. 



Mr. McCorquodale, Scone, said that he had carried out some experiments 

 himself, and found that where the trees were crowded the temperature was 

 lowest. The thinning of plantations admitted a greater degree of heat. 

 Where the temperature of the ground was low, the growth of the trees was 

 retarded, for the bark thickened and the flow of the sap was hindered. 



The President moved that the thanks of the society be awarded to Mr. 

 Buchan for his instructive report, and that the contribution to the Carn- 

 wath experiments be continued. 



The motion was unanimously adopted ; and thereupon the President 

 vacated the chair, to fulfil other engagements, and his place was taken 

 by Professor Balfour, senior Vice-president. 



Prize Essays. 



Mr. M'Gregor, Ladywell, convener of the judges, gave in the report on 

 the essays submitted for the usual prizes. A silver medal was granted to 

 Mr. C. F. Amery, forest department, North-West Provinces of India, for 

 a Report on Indian Forests ; a silver medal to Mr. James Hutton, Mackin- 

 tosh Estate, Kingussie, for " Report on the Woods, Old and Remarkable 

 Trees, and Young Plantations on the Mackintosh Estate in Brae Lochaber ; 

 with a description of the Soils on which they grow ; " bronze medal for 

 Report on Use of Dynamite and Tonile in Forestry, by Mr. D. F. M'Keuzie, 

 Murthly Castle ; silver medal for paper on the Movement of Fluids in 

 Stems, considered in Relation to the Felling and Seasoning of Timber, 

 by Professor W. E. M'Xab, College of Science, Dublin ; gold medal for 

 Collection of British Woods, by Mr. James Dufi", Bayham Abbey, Tunbridge 

 AVells ; and silver medal for Rustic Work, by Mr. James Scrimgeour, 

 Hopetoun House. 



Office-bearers. 



The following office-bearers for 1877-8 were elected :— President — The 

 Right Hon. W. P. Adam, of Blairadam, M.P. Vice-Presidents — AVilliani 

 M'Corquodale, Dr. Hugh Cleghorn, of Strobithy, Professor John Hutton 

 Balfour, Bailie Methven, Robert Hutchison, of Carlowrie. Council- 

 John Anderson, P. S. Robertson, Robert Baxter, William Stewart, John 

 M'Laren, William Gilchrist, Malcolm Dunn, William Gorrie, James 

 Robertson, Alexander Richardson, John M'Gregor, C. Y. Michie, John 

 Grant Thomson, Charles S. France, D. Scott. Secretary — John Sadler, 

 F.R.P.S., Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. Treasurer — George 

 Crichton, of Messrs. Q-. and M. Crichton, 18, Princes Street, Edinburgh- 

 Auditor— John Ord Mackenzie, of Dolphiuton, W.S. 



