The Timber Supply of North America. 159 



quantity is composed of spruce. The produce in 1871 ^vas pine, 

 391,051 cubic feet; oak, 7,300; larch, 360,825; birch and maple, 

 827,315 cubic feet; elm, 1,250 cubic feet; walnut (soft), 120 cubic 

 feet; all other timber, 2,192,608 cubic feet; pine logs, 1,214,485; 

 other logs, 3,533,153 ; masts and spars, 11,356; staves 747 thousand ; 

 lathwood, 2,490 cords; tanbark, 28,228 cords; 545,679 cords of 

 firewood equal to li million tons. The number of saw mills in the 

 same year was 565 with a yearly value of i^280,000. The value of 

 articles produced per annum is £1,315,000. 



The forest produce of Quebec same year is returned at 9,232,575 

 ■cubic feet of pine; 15,085,511 cubic feet of other wood; 5,811,532 

 pine logs ; 3,628,720 other logs ; masts and spars, 94,822 ; staves 

 1,184 thousand; lathwood, 7,148 cords; tan bark, 91,051 cords, and 

 9,364,836 tons of firewood. The number of saw mills is 1,708 at a 

 yearly value of £367,000, producing articles to the value of £1,800,000. 



Ontario produced in above mentioned year 16,315,901 cubic feet of 

 pine; oak, 3,144,554 cubic feet; larch, 1,223,444 cubic feet; birch, 

 and maple, 92,200 cubic feet ; elm, 1,777,905 cubic feet; black walnut, 

 117,589 cubic fset ; soft walnut 72,214 cubic feet; hickory, 157,745 

 cubic feet; all other timber 10,594,943 cubic feet; pine logs 5,713,204, 

 other logs 1,255,090; masts and spars, 20,964; staves, 20,964, 

 thousand; lathwood, 15,095 cords; tan bark, 30,854 cords, and 

 13,548,000 tons of firewood. Saw mills 1,837, producing articles of 

 a yearly value of £2,500,000. There are 4 saw and file cutting mills, 

 7 match factories and 22 charcoal burning establishments. 



The State of Maine with eighteen acres of timber per head of popula- 

 tion has 1,099 saw mills, manufacturing annually 639,167,000 feet 

 of inch boards. The annual cut in this state of all kinds of timber is 

 estimated at 1,000,000,000 feet of inch lumber. Much of this is spruce 

 of inferior quality. Twenty years it is said will exhaust the supply. 



New York having 3510 saw mills, saws about 1,300,000,000 feet of 

 inch boards, and like Maine much of it is spruce growing in the 

 Adirondack district. Comparatively little pine is now found in this 

 State and the supply is supplemented with large consignments from 

 Canada, j\Iaine, and the Western States. 



When old Penu settled in Pennsylvania it was indeed a rich 

 sylvania, with forests supposed to be inexhaustible, but the prospect 

 has changed and the supply of timber Avill, in a few years, be in- 

 adequate to the demand for home consumption. The number of saw 

 mills is 3,738, sawing 1,610,000,000 feet of boarding. About 

 500,000,000 feet is pine, the remainder hemlock, and only such as can 

 be weeded out of the stock preserved by squatters for fuel. This State 

 was once the best pine producer in America, but now the Susquehanna, 

 iNlonongahela, and Alleghany forests, are all but robbed of their 

 majestic pines. 



