ENGLAND. 



All ground intended to be planted^' during the ensuino- season 

 Ought to be cleared, drained if necessary, and fenced with as little 

 delay as possible, while the weather is dry, and tlie soil in the best state 

 for transporting heavy fencing materials over it. It is the best plan, 

 where the soil is of ungenial nature, to dig the pits at the present time 

 and to leave the soil cast out of them exposed to the mellowing 

 influence of the weather till the planting season arrives, which 

 will sweeten and enrich it to the great benefit of the young plants. 

 The bigger the hole is dug out the better, and in no case where it is 

 intended to plant oaks or other valuable hardwood trees ought it to 

 be less than 18 inches diameter by 15 inches deep, M'ith the "pan" 

 or subsoil at the bottom, broken up with a foot-pick, or some other 

 similar tool ; as it is of much importance that water should not 

 stand in the bottom of the hole after the tree is planted, but freely 

 percolate into the subsoil. 



Prune forest trees, and also ornamental trees and shrubs, which 

 will now have finished their summer's growth. Finish prunino- or 

 switching the summer growth off hedges as quickly as possible. 

 Keep all young hedges clear of rank weeds and grass. Nothing 

 spoils a young hedge sooner than allowing it to be overrun and 

 smothered with rank vegetation. 



Look over ornamental trees which were transplanted during last 

 spring, and see that all the ties, stakes, or other supports are in good 

 order, and not cutting or chafing the bark, re-tying where necessary, 

 to withstand the autumn gales. About the latter end of the month 

 is an excellent time to transplant all evergreens, choosing cloudy, 

 moist weather for the operation. They will be able to lay hold of 

 the ground while there is some heat in it, and get well established in 

 their new quarters before the severities of winter come upon them, 

 and if they come through the winter unharmed, they are better pre- 

 pared to withstand the parching droughts from which spring-planted 

 evergreens suffer so much. 



Oak coppice, which has been cleared during the present season, 

 should be carefully gone over to see that all the stools are properly 

 dressed and the brushwood collected, made into fagots and stacked 



