830 The yoiirnal of Forestry. 



tied into substantial household fagots, worth from 25s. to 30s. per 

 100, at a cost of 4s. Gd. The larger branches are cut into cordwood, 

 each cord measuring 14 feet long by 3 feet high, and 2>\ feet wide, and 

 containing 147 cubic feet. This sells at from 25s. to 33s. per cord, 

 delivered. The price for cutting and stacking is 3s. per cord. 



From among the larger branches are selected spars for gate-posts, 

 cut out at 2d. each, and good gate and fencing posts of large sizes at 

 6d. each. A quantity of the small brushwood, or " scramble," is tied 

 up by the men for their own use. They are also allowed all dead wood 

 and chips. 



TREE PLANTING IN WASHINGTON. 



In the American Agriculturist Mr. Peter Henderson pays a merited 

 tribute to the skill, taste, and judgment of Messrs. "William Saunders, of 

 the Experimental Garden of the Department of Agriculture, William li. 

 Smith of the Botanic Gardens, and John Saul, the nurseryman and florist, 

 who compose the " Parking Commission," and whose work in planting 

 the fine avenues and streets of the City of Washington with handsome 

 and appropriate trees has produced, as he says, results that probably no 

 other city can equal. 



Already 40,000 trees have been planted, some thirty kinds being used, 

 the bulk, however, being of ten kinds. These, named in the order they 

 are valued by the commission, are the following:— Silver or White Maple 

 {Acer dasijcarpum), then American Linden {TUia Americana), American 

 Elm (Ulmus Americana), Scarlet Majjle (Acerrubrum), Box Elder {Negimdo 

 aceroides), Sugar Maple {Acer saccharinum), American White Ash (Fraxi- 

 mis Americana), English Sycamore {Acer j^seudo-platanus), English Button 

 Ball {PJatanus occiden talis), Tulip Tree (Lirioclendron tulipifera), Honey 

 Locust {Gleditschia triacanthos), and Norway Maple (Acer pkttanoides). 



These and the other sorts are set 20 to 25 feet apart, and there are 

 miles and miles of streets in which not one dead or diseased tree can be 

 seen, which shows the planting must have been done in the best pos- 

 sible manner. The trees were transplanted as the first necessity, and the 

 commissioners frequently receiving from distant parts trees which were 

 not in a satisfactory condition as to their roots, planted them out in their 

 own grounds one season before risking them in the streets. 



The trees when planted averaged an inch and a half in diameter, and 

 twelve feet in height. The hole for the roots is dug about five feet across 

 and two feet deep. When the natural soil is unsuitable, good soil is 

 brought from elsewhere. Every tree when planted is surrounded by a plain 

 but substantial sparred tree-guard six feet high, which serves the double 

 purpose of protecting the tree from injury by cattle, &c., and of sliading 

 the stem from the sun, — an important precaution, since trees grown in 

 masses, either in nursery or forest, shade each other and suffer greatly when 

 removed and exposed singly to the blazing sun. The great success in 

 planting the avenues at Washington is no doubt due to the persistent use 

 of this precaution, which is never omitted. 



When this work, which has been goiug on for five years, is complete, 

 one may then drive for 200 miles through the broad and ample shaded 

 avenues of the American capital, and imagine they are passing along 

 the rides of a great park. 



