FOODS ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



453 



Test of feeding dry cows, A. MacKay {Canada Exptl. Farms Rpt. 

 1893, pp. 301), 307). — A comparison made on 4 <;iade cows of oats and 

 barley fodder made into bay and the same made into silage "seems to 

 show that cattle gain more on [oat and barley] silage and meal than on 

 [oat and barley] hay, meal, and roots; and that the cost of silage and 

 meal is less than of hay, meal, and roots." 



Calf feeding, C. F. Curtis {loica iSta. Bui. 35, pp. 17-25). 



Synopsis. — A coiuiiarison on 6 calves of feeding linseed meal, oatmeal, and a mixture 

 of corn meal aud ground flaxseed with separator skim milk. The gain on the 

 linseed meal was slightly less than on the other two feeds, and the cost more. 



This is a repetition of an experiment reported in Bulletin 19 of the 

 station (E. S. R., 4, p. 739). Six high-grade Shorthorn calves from 1 to 

 2 weeks old were divided into 3 lots and fed the following rations from 

 September I'G to December 24 — 90 days : 



Lot 1, skim milk aud new-process linseed meal. 



Lot 2, skim milk and oatmeal. 



Lot 3, skim milk and 1 part ground flaxseed to 9 of coru meal. 



At the beginning of the experiment each calf received 15 lbs. of 

 milk and ^ lb. of grain per day, which was increased gradually untd 

 at the close 18 lbs. of milk and 1^ lbs. of grain per day were given. 

 The skim milk was from a separator and contained only a trace of fat. 

 It was fed warm. Hay was given to all the calves alike. The oatmeal 

 was ground fine and separated from the hulls. Approximately like 

 amounts of food were eaten by each lot. The main results are tabu- 

 lated below : 



Smnmanj of resiilis of calf feedhiff. 



Lot 1 (linseed meal) 



Lot 2 (oatmeal) 



Lot 3 (corn meal and flaxseed meal) . 



Gain in live weight. 



CalfNo.].OalfNo.2. Total 



Pounds. 

 144 

 153§ 

 1485 



Pounds. 

 1311 

 1471 

 132i 



Pounds. 

 275J 

 301 

 281 



Nutritive 



ratio of 



food. 



1-2.7 

 1.3 

 1:3 1 



Cost of 



foot! pel lb. 



of gam. 



Cents. 

 2.1 

 1.9 

 1.9 



The cost of the food is based on linseed meal and oatmeal at 1^ cts., 

 cornmeal at h ct., ground flaxseed at 1 ct. per pound, separator skim 

 milk at 1.5 cts. per cwt., aud hay at 85 per ton. On an average the 

 calves made a pound of gain for evevj 1.97 lbs. of dry matter eaten. 

 When the calves were S months old they averaged a pound of gain for 

 4.6 lbs. of dry matter. 



"The conclusion seems warranted that a nitrogenous feed, such as oil meal, is 

 neither necessary nor most profitable to supplemeut a separator-milk ration lor 

 young calves. All of these rations, even when corn and flaxseed were used, were 

 narrower than whole milk, audit is evident that the element lacking in separator 

 milk is not albiiminoids, hut fat or its equivalent — carbohydrates — in some form pala- 

 table and digestible to calves." 



Investigations of breeds of dairy cows, R. Gripenberg 



{Mustiala A(jl. College Rpt. 1892, pp. 30-49).— Milk from Hohtein, Ayr- 

 shire, Angler, and native cows during 1889-'91.— The quantity of milk 

 10104— No. 5 8 



