VETERINARY SCIENCE. * 79 



tlie poisou will rou-c the morbid process into greater activity and secnre a danger- 

 ous extension. 



" If we now consider the frightful prevalence of tuberculosis iu the human race, 

 that here iu New York every eighth person dies of tuberculosis, that in cities like 

 Vienna 85 per cent of the peo^ilc suiter from it, and that in our own cities 30 to 50 

 per cent contract it at some period of life, we see what a fearful risk is being run 

 by the utilization of the meat and milk of animals so aftected, even if it could be 

 shown that such meat and milk were in themselves free from the living bacillus." 



The preventive measures which stockmen are advise<l by the author 

 to adopt are the following: 



" (1) Board up the partitions of the stalls at the front so that no 2 cows can feed 

 from the same manger or lick each other. 



" (2) Keep each animal strictly by its own stall aud manger. 



" (3) When any animal is suspected don't let it use adrinkiug trough or bucket iu 

 common with other animals. 



" (4) Avoid old milch cows and unthrifty ones, or keep them secluded from the rest 

 of the herd. 



" (5) The following conformation usually indicates a weakness of constitution aud 

 a susceptibility to tuberculosis: Head narrow between the horns, sunken eyes, 

 depth of cavity (temporal) back of the eyes, thin, narrow, ewe neck, chest small, 

 lacking iu both depth aud breadth, hollow iiank and tendency to pot belly, a gen- 

 eral lack of muscle so that the limbs seem loosely attached to the body; in breeds 

 that show a variety of colors, animals of the lighter shades of brown aud yellow. 

 If, how'ever, such auimals are of high value for the dairy, and can be kept free from 

 infection, they need not be rejected. . . . 



'•' (6) Don't purchase from a herd iu which tuberculosis has appeared or in which 

 cattle have died or been killed within a year or two. Eesort first to the tuberculin 

 test. 



'' (7) Don't take a cow with a husky or rattling cough, wheezing, hurried breathing, 

 discharge from nose, fetid breath, hard bunches under the skin, diseased udder, 

 swollen bones or joints, unthriftiness, or a tendency to scour or bloat. 



" (8) Don't purchase from citj-, suburban, or swill stables. 



"(9) Don't add newly purchased cattle to your herd until you have tested them with 

 tuberculin, especially if they have been the product of inbreeding. 



" (10) Don't admit strange cattle to hoiise, field, or yard with your own ; keep them 

 apart until tested with tuberculin. 



" (11) In case of disease or unthriftiness in your herd, put the animal apart and have 

 it examined by a skillful veterinarian. 



" (12) If after this there remains any doubt as to the real nature of the disease, have 

 the animal t'?sted with the tuberculin, in the hands of a practitioner thoroughly 

 acquainted with cattle and their diseases. If the result is not yet quite clear, keep 

 the animal by itself and repeat the test in 4 weeks. 



"(13) In case an animal in aherdshows tuberculosis test the w'hole herd with tuber- 

 culin. 



" (14) Test in the same manner all animals on the farm (swine, goats, sheep, horses, 

 rabbits, cats, dogs, fowls) that cohabit with the cattle. 



"(15) Kill all tuberculous animals and boil, burn, dissolve in acid, or bury deeply 

 m a place to which no animals have access. 



" (16) Disinfect premises thoroughly, also all products of the diseased animals and 

 all articles iised about them. 



"(17) Let no consumptive person attend on cattle or other live stock, or prepare 

 their food. 



"(18) Vermin (rats, mice, sparrows) in a building where tuberculous animals have 

 been should be exterminated." 



