558 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Index to literature (pp. 400-430). — Tlie index to mycological literature 

 is contiuued, the numbers running from 1002 to 1292. The articles 

 listed appeared during the years 1890, 1891, and 1892. 



An index to volume 7 completes the number. 

 . Bordeaux mixture as a fungicide, D. G. Fairchild {TJ. H. Bept. 

 Agr.y Division of Ver/etahJe ratholoyy Bui. 6, pp. 55). — The author has 

 soughttogive the present status of our knowledge concerning Bordeaux 

 mixture. According to the history given of the fungicide it originated 

 in the neighborhood of Mcdoc, France, where it was first used as a 

 thick paste, si)rinkled over the grapevines to prevent pillaging. It is 

 not known how long this practice had been followed, but Millardet, pro- 

 fessor of botany in the Bordeaux faculty of sciences, began experiments 

 in 1883 with it as a means for the prevention of mildew, since which 

 time its value as one of the best fungicides has become well established. 

 While the discovery is due to the French, it is to Americans that 

 its extended use must be attributed, as in no other country is it as 

 extensively used or for as many diseases as here. 



Various formulas and directions for the preparation of Bordeaux 

 mixture are given. The tendency seems to be toward the use of more 

 dilute solutions than formerly. 



The chemistry, fungicidal action, and toxicology of Bordeaux mix- 

 ture are reviewed at considerable length. 



The combiiuition of Bordeaux mixture with insecticides is mentioned. 

 Where arsenites are used an insoluble arsenite will be formed, and this 

 will adhere to the fruit as long as the Bordeaux mixture does. On this 

 account the author thinks this phase should be investigated further 

 before unrestricted recommendations of such combinations be advised. 



The efficiency of Bordeaux mixture as a fungicide is pointed out. It 

 embraces the requisites of fungicidal power without injury to foliage to 

 a greater degree than any other combination. It must not, however, 

 be considered a panacea for all plant ills without a greater number of 

 experiments. The author reviews the various diseases that have been 

 treated with Bordeaux mixture. It may be considered as the best 

 fungicide, in some cases amounting to a specific, for the following dis- 

 eases: Downy mildew of the grape {Plasmopara vitieola), black rot of 

 the gviy])e {Guif/iKi rdia hidn-ellii),lei\i' blight of pears and quinces {Ento- 

 mosporitim maculatum), pear si!,a:h {Fiisicladi urn ^^yrmwrn), leaf blight 

 of plums and cherries {Gylindrosporium padi), plum-leaf rust {Puccinia 

 jyruni), bitter rot of apples {GUeosporiumfructifienum)^ apple scab {Fusi- 

 dudinm de)ulriti<u(m),stvi\\\heiiy-\eafh]\ght{SpJucrellafra(/aria'),])otiito 

 rot {Phijtoplithora infestans), potato-leaf blight or macrosporium disease 

 [Macrosporimn solani), bean anthracnose {Colletotric/mm lindemuthia- 

 vmn), black rot of the toinato {Macrosporium solani), downy mildew of 

 the beet {Peronospora schachtii), mignonette-leaf blight {Gercospora 

 resedce), and leaf spot of chrysanthemums {Septoria sp.). 



In the case of the following diseases the evidence is lacking to demon- 



