VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 575 



Young animals are tested entirely at Government expense. For older 

 animals a small sura is exacted. The autlior who has charge of this 

 work selects, by preference, dairies of medium size. 



Thus far 327 farms have been inspected. Of 8,401 animals tested 

 3,362 (or 40 per cent) have reacted. In this inspection marked differ- 

 ences in the distribution of the disease have been found. Those herds 

 subject to a continual change of animals are most seriously infected. 

 Smaller herds may be entirely free from the disease. Of such the 

 author has fouiul 52, consisting of from 10 to 42 cows each. — T. smith. 



Tuberculosis and serine plague, (^lt [Ztsclir. Fleisch- und Milch hi/g.^ 

 5 {1894)yp. 6). — The author briefly reviews the difficulty encountered in 

 differentiating tuberculosis from swine plague. After making a histo- 

 logical examination of a number of cases he comes to the conclusion 

 that swine idague is rare while tuberculosis is quite frequent. Swine 

 plague is limited to the lungs, while tuberculosis is usually found gen- 

 eralized over the entire body. Large cheesy masses in the lungs with 

 adhesions to the chest wall and diaphragm, but without caseation of the 

 bronchial glands or invasion of other organs, maybe safely regarded as 

 swine plague. — t. smith. 



Experiments regarding the application of tuberculin for the 

 diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, 11. Sawela {Mastiala Agl. Col lege 

 Bpt. 1893, pp. 113-140). — Tuberculosis having been discovered in the 

 Mustiala College herd the cattle were killed and tuberculin tests made 

 previous to slaughtering. Forty-seven animals out of 51 iuoculats'd 

 showed an increase in temperature after the injection, the increase in 

 41 cases amounting to 0.5° C. (0.9° F.) or more. Of this latter number 

 34 animals proved tuberculous in the post-mortem examinations; the 

 result was uncertain in 4 cases, and 3 were free from the disease. Of 

 the 10 cases where no reaction was obtained, G were found healthy and 

 4 tuberculous. Excluding the uncertain cases the tuberculin test gave 

 reliable results for 78.4 per cent of the animals; if these are included 

 the tuberculin gave correct results in 80.3 per cent of the cases. 



Tuberculin tests were also made on 7 different farms. Of 71 cows 

 injected 20 gave reactions; of those reacting all but 1 animal were 

 found in a single herd. — f. w. woll. 



On tuberculin, O. Malm {Bio. Path. Lab. Chrisiiania Rpt. 1891-''93, 

 1, pp. 11-104). — The paper forms a monograph of the subject and gives 

 a historical sketch of tuberculin, its action on man, use as a diagnostic 

 agent for tuberculosis, original investigations with farm animals, the 

 making of tuberculin, and its chemical nature. 



The author's discussions are based largely ou original work. If tuber- 

 culin is injected directly into the blood the rise in temperature is more 

 rapid and of shorter duration than if injected hypodermically; if given 

 through the mouth, the agent is without any effect. While possessing 

 no power of bringing immunity, the author states that it may, when 

 applied in very small gradually increasing doses, be successfully used 

 as a curative remedy with certain forms of consumption. 



