212 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



"[On oiits jrrowu on tlus lotiition idatsj aiipan-utly the application of pbosplioric 

 acid and ])<)tasli, eitiier direc^tly or to tluj preceding crop of corn, is of consideraljle 

 advantage, wliile the use of nitrogenous manures has been of doubtful benefit; but 

 it is evidently unsafe to draw any general conclusions as yet from these experiments. 



'' [The results of the rotation experiment], so far as they go, support the general 

 and reasouabh; belief that a large part of the benefit from commercial or other 

 manures is to be realized in the crops not directly fertilized, in a well-planned rota- 

 tion." 



ExperimenU on corn in Columhiana, Washinf/ton, and Butler counties 

 (pp.21-30). — In (Jolunibiaiia County, in a G years' test on the same plats, 

 "botli chemical fertilizers and barnyard manure ittterly failed to main- 

 tain the land in a profitable state of productiveness." In Butler County 

 the test was continued for 4 years, using a different field each year. 

 "Potash seemed to produce exceptionally good results, but no form 

 of chenucal manures has equaled barnyard manure in the average 

 increase." In Washington County the test covered 3 years, using a 

 different field each year. The largest average increase, 17.4 bu. i)er 

 acre, resulted from the Tise of a complete fertilizer. 



Late crops for overflow lands, R. L. BeNnbtt and G. B. Irby 

 {Ar]:f(vs((s ^Sta. Bvl. ;J7, pp. '>o-Gl). — Notes on German millet, black 

 Eussian oats, white dwarf navy beans, sweet potatoes, cowpeas, Jap- 

 anese buckwheat, and 5 varieties of corn planted on river-bottom land 

 early in July. German millet yielded 3,428 lbs. of hay per acre; the 

 young oat plants died; navy beans yielded 950 lbs. of beans per acre; 

 sweet potatoes made but few roots; cowpeas yielded 758.3 lbs. of 

 unshelled peas ; buckwheat grew 3 ft. high. The variety of corn ripen- 

 ing first was Pride of the N^orth ; that making the largest yield, 59.4 

 bu. per acre, was Wliite Giant Normandy. 



The depth of the root crown of small grains as governed by- 

 depth of seeding, moisture, light, heat, and size of seed, P. 

 KOSSOWITSCH {For.sch. Geb. ayr. Phy.s., 17 {18!)4), No. 1 and 2^ pp. 101- 

 116). — To determine more exactly the connection between winterkill- 

 ing and shallow crown formation, the autlior took measures of 900 

 living plants and of 900 which had been winterkilled from 3 different 

 fields, in all of which, after the disappearance of snow in the si)ring, 

 yellow dead plants were found among the green ones. On the 3 fields 

 the killed plants had crowns 0.f^72, 0.396, and 0.334 in., res])ectively, 

 below the surface. The living plants on the same field had crowns 

 0.672, 0.564, and 0.524 in. deep. The method used in this investiga- 

 tion presupposes that in this case winterkilling resulted directly from 

 cold and not from lieaving. 



In the autumn of 1890 pot experiments were begun with M'heat and 

 rye to determine the depth of the crown resulting from sowing seed 

 O.G, 1.2, 2.4, 3.2, or 4 in. deep and from keeping the soil saturated, or 

 supplied with 4, |, f, or ^ of the amount of water required for satura- 

 tion. Rye formed a crown 0.6 to 1 in. below the surface and the depth 

 was apparently unaffected either by the dejith of seeding or by the 



