FOODS AXniAL PRODUCTION. 323 



the beginning, and from 10 to 20 qt. at the close of the trial. A small 

 quantity of liinewater was added to the skim milk. 



Detailed and summarized records are given for the experiment, and 

 analyses with reference to l)oth food and fertilizing ingredients are 

 given of the feeding stuft's. 



The calves were sold when they were from 8 to 11 weeks old. At 

 that time they ranged from l.")! to 189 lbs. live weight. liutchers 

 offered from 4 to 4^ cts. per pound live weight. A summar^^ of the 

 results is given below: 



Summari/ of reHiilIti wilh ralres. 



Average <l;iily gain in live weiglit jiouuds.. 1.49 



Dry matter reciuired to produce 1 lb. of live -weight do 1. 77 



Dry matter required to produce 1 11). of dressed weight do 2. 98 



Shrinkage m dressing per cent. . 44. 22 



Received per quart for skim milk, with calves at 4 cts. i)er pound cents. . 0. 63 



Receive<l per qu^irt for skim milk, with calves at 4^ cts. per pound do 0. 76 



For comparison, the amount received per quart for skim milk when 

 fed to pigs is given, the averages being based on (J separate experi- 

 ments with 40 pigs: 



Amo)i)it vrceired per quart for s]:hn milk fed 1o puis. 



Cents. 



With dressed pork, at ;A cts 0. 21 



With dressed pork, at 6 cts 0. 30 



AVitli dressed pork, at 6^ cts , 0. 46 



With dressed pork, at 7 cts 0. 58 



AVith dressed pork, at 7^ cts 0. 70 



Wi til dressed pork, at 8 cts 0. 81 



" The ex])eriments have shown that calves grown upon skim milk alone or upon 

 skim milk and grains during the tirst 8 weeks of their lives make good gains in 

 live weight, namely, from 0.9 to 2.13 Ihs. per day, with an average of 1.49 lbs. These 

 animals, however, put on very little fat, either when fed on skim milk alone or when 

 fed on skim milk and grains. They were not alile to digest the necessary amount of 

 corn meal, Buft'alo gluten feed, or wheat flour or middlings, Avhen fed in connection 

 Avith the nitrogenous milk, to promote the formation of fat. 



''The meat of the animals thus described was quite Avhite in appearance, but not 

 as tender as calves that Avere fed Avhole milk. The ribs and flanks of animals thus 

 fed were thinner than those consuming whole milk, and the shrinkage in dressing is 

 from 5 to 7 per cent more, . . . 



"The experiment indicates that in order to secure the greatest profit it is not wise, 

 as a rule, to feed calves as above described after they have reached 160 lbs. of li\'e 

 weight. The daily gain decreases and the food consumption steadily increases, so 

 that the commercial A-alue of a pound of live weight is about balanced by the cost 

 of the food consumed to ])roduce it." 



Effect of cotton seed and cotton-seed meal on butter, beef 

 tallow, lard, and sheep suet, H. H. Harrington and 1). Adriance 



{Texafi ^t(i. T>uL 29, pp. 319-355). 



Siinopsis.— The butter made on cotton-seed meal had a melting point several degrees 

 higher than that made on corn meal, bran, and silage. The iodin number was 

 akso higher, but the volatile acida were considerably lower. The melting points 

 of beef tallow, lard, and mutton suet were also increased by feeding cotton-seed 

 products, and Beechi's test with nitrate of silver was quite marked. 



