FORESTRY. 821 



Various methods of soil improvenients in orchards, N. ScrixElDEU (Eec. 

 FToit., 67 {1S95), No. 1, pp. 22-25; No. 2, pp. 4c9-5(^).— Goneral remarks ou the subject 

 (Ifiilinj^ with maunring and tilling the gronnd. 



An implement for vine grafting, E. AxDUi': (Rev. Hort., 67 (1S9J), No. 4, pp. 67, 68, 

 fiff. 1). — Illnstrated description of an apparatus for cutting the steins of grape vines 

 Ln making various kinds of grafts. 



Notes on pruning deciduous fruits, W. H. Tvsox {California Sia. Bpt. 1893 and 

 1894, pp. 397-400). — General remarks on the subject and special directions as to the 

 proper pruning to he given almonds, apricots, prunes, apples, pears, cherries, and 

 peaches. Severe pruning is advised for most cases, low, round heads to he estab- 

 lished. 



The effect of pioming and training on the natural habits of the grape, S. U. 

 RiKGEL {Proc. Ga. Hort. Soc. 1892, pp. 32-34).— Gen&vn\ notes on the subject, with a 

 discussion of the respective value of various systems. Fuller's oblique training is 

 recommended for trellises, and the serpentine system for stakes. Intelligent pruning 

 is urged. 



Earliness vs. quality in fruits, S. Hape {Froc. Ga. Hort. Soc. 1892, pp. 67, 68).— A 

 short popular pai)er urging tliat earlj- fruits are apt to he immature and possess 

 little or insipid flavor. 



Transportation of fruits and vegetables, W. L. Glessxer {Proc. Ga. Hort. Soc. 

 1893, pp. 26-28). — A general discussion of the problem f>f the transportation of hor- 

 ticultural products, picking, packing, and shipping being in turn considered. Care 

 in icing the refrigerator cars is urged. 



Canning vegetables and fruits {Amer. Agr. (middle ed.), 1895, Mar. 5, p. 252).- 

 Tabulated data give the results obtained at a California cannery regarding the num- 

 ber of pounds of each fruit and vegetable recjuired to make 100 lbs. of canned goods, 

 amount of sugar required, and cost of labor in canning. 



Canning, drying, and preserving fruit, A. H. Benson {Agl. Gaz. N. S. W., 5 

 {1894), No. 12, pp. 857-806). 



A ne-w process of preparing raisins, A. Petit {liev. Hort., 67 {1895), No. 1, pp. 

 69, 70). — A brief description of a scheme of curing raisins by exposing them to an 

 atmosphere of alcoliol vapor at 60° F. for 2 mouths. 



Report of horticulturist {Mississippi Sfa. Bpt. 1895, pp. 33-37). — A report on the 

 horticultural work of the station, strawberries and grapes having received most 

 attention, and being treatel of at greatest length. Cultural notes are given for 

 these fruits. The horizontal trellis is preferred for training grapevines. Cotton- 

 seed hulls are recommended as mulch and fertilizer for strawberries, and ashes for 

 fertilizing grapes. Lists of the preferred varieties of strawberries and grapes are 

 given. 



FORESTRY. 



The chestnut in the West, C. A. Keffer {Garden and Forest, 8 {1895), p. 83). 



The honey locust in the West, C. A. Keffer {Garden and Forest, 8 {1895), p. 

 112). — The tree has flourished very well ou the dry uplands of western Kansas, 

 although a failure at the South Dakota Station. 



Notes on the distribution of the yellow pine in Nebraska, C. E. Bessey {Gar- 

 den and Forest, 8 {1895), pp. 102, 103). 



Species of cork-forming trees, H. Mayr {Ccntbl. Ges. Forstw. irien, 21 {1895), No. 

 2, pp. 55-57). — The author enumerates Ulmus snherosa, Acer campestre, Enonijmus euro- 

 pceus, Fraxiniis anomala, Xanthoxylum clava-hercnles, Quercus suher, Q. occidentalis, etc. 



The lesson of the forest fires, B. Hubbard {Pop. Sci. Monthly, 1895, Mar., pp. 

 586-596). 



The forestry stations, C. H. Silixx {Culifornia Sia. Rpt. 1893 and 1894, pp. 425- 

 4S2). — A brief history of the establishment aud a report on the present condition of 

 the forestry stations at Chico aud Santa Monica are given. 



