788 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



herbarium in tlie usual way. A table is given showing that endogens 

 shrink less than exogens, the average of 4 endogens being 18 per cent, 

 with 11 per (;ent for Fontederia and 27 per cent for a Fanicum, while the 

 average of 7 exogens was 31 per cent in drying, the extremes being 

 21 per cent for hollyhock and 45 for a catalpa leaf. A study of tlie 

 outlines shows that leaves shrink most in the region of fewest veins, 

 and the autlior gives the following law: '' Leaves in drying under 

 pressure shrink toward the mass center of their framework." 



Botanical -work at the Mississippi Station (Mississip2)i Sta. Ept. 1S93, p. 47). — 

 A brief luentiou of the nature of the botanical work being carried on at the station, 

 which is chiefly devoted to a botauical survey of the State, comprising a collectiou 

 and study of the flowering plants, and also of the mildews, rusts, smuts, and other 

 parasitic fungi. 



A model for a botanical course, G. Haberlandt {Bot. Centbl., 61 {1S95), Xo. 7, 

 pp. 241, 242). 



On the list of Pteridophyta and Spermophyta of northeastern America as 

 prepared by the nomenclature committee of the Botanical Club, B. L. Robin- 

 son {Bot. Gaz., 20 (1895), No. 3, pip. 97-103). — The author gives numerous instances 

 in which the rules of the committee do not secure the much desired stability of 

 nomenclature, and advances opinions why their rules will not secure the desired 

 results. 



The fundamental difference bet'wreen plants and animals, C. S. Minot {Science, 

 n. ser., 1 {1S95), No. 12, pp. 311, 312).— The author holds that plants obtain their food, 

 either liquid or gaseous, by osmosis; and animals in the form of concrete particles 

 which are lodged in the cell protoplasm by the activity of the protoplasm itself. 

 Apparent discrepancies are olitered in the case of the Myxomycetes and the tape 

 worm, the one usually classed with plants taking its food by an amoeba-like method, 

 the other living as a parasite by absorption. 



The plant individual in the light of evolution, L. H. Bailey {Science, n. ser., 1 

 (1895), No. 11, pp. 281-292). — The author discusses bud variation in its relation to 

 Weismannism. He considers the theory of Weismann inadequate to explain bud 

 variation. 



What constitutes metamorphosis in botany, A. Mann {Inaiuj. Dissertation, 

 Munich, 1894, pp. 40, figs. 25; abs. in Bot. Centbl., 61 (1895), No. 7, pp. 264, f6'5).— The 

 author discusses the morphology of sprouts, (a) tendrils, (ft) thorns, and of leaves, 

 (a) bud scales, (6) phyllodia, (c) tendrils, and {d) thorns. 



The geotropic curving of nodes, R. Barth {Inaug. Dissertation, Leipzig, 1894, 

 pp. 39; abs. in Bot. Centbl., 61 {1895), No. 10, pp. 364, 365). 



Contraction of trees caused by cold, J. Clayton {Nature, 51 {1895), p. 462). — 

 The author gives measurements of 13 trees measured October, 1894, and February and 

 March, 1895, showing a contraction for February, when the temperature was 3° F., 

 varying from -^ to -y^g of an inch in circumference. 



On the forms of chlorophyll, A. Etard {Compt. Bend., 120 {1895), No. 6, pp. 328- 

 331). — The author has separated from afalfa a second form of chlorophyll, the for- 

 mula of which is C42HR0NO14. 



On the forms of chlorophyll, A. Gautier (Compt. Bend., 120 (1895), No. 7, pp. 

 355, 556).— Remarks on articles by Etard (Compt. Rend., 119 (1894), p. 219, and 120 

 (1895), p. 328). The author states that he (Gautier) showed in 1«77 that there were 

 different kinds of chlorophyll in different orders and genera of plants. He had sep- 

 arated the principal chlorophyll of rye grass and spinach in 1886, the formulas for 

 which are given as CsoH^sNiOs for the rye grass, and CioHfHNjO^ for the spinach. 



A preliminary investigation of the presence of diastase in plants, J. Gkuss 

 (Ber. dent. hot. Ges., 13 (1895), No. 1, pp. 2-14). 



Root tubercle bacteria, Danckelmann (Ztschr. Forat. und Jagdw., 27 (1895), No. 

 2, pp. 90, 91). 



