FIELD CROPS. 801 



" Of the so-callerl varieties we have a very larne niimher, but of wliat may be calloil 

 'types' there ai"e but 4 which are so distinct as to be generally reeoyuized. These 

 are tlie Cluster and Loug-Limbed, the Long Staple and the Short Staple, and in each 

 of those we have many inconstant 'varieties' which change their character with 

 every change of soil. 



"In comparing varieties of the •long-limbed' and the 'cluster' types we have found 

 no constant differences in the yields, though the cluster varieties have always 

 matured later tluiTi have some of the long-limbeil sorts; while a long-limbed variijty 

 which produces unusually large bolls always matures later than do most of the 

 cluster varieties. . 



"With nearly 100 so-called varieties which have been tested, the average jield 

 of the short-staple sorts has been uearly double that of the long staples." 



Neither Japanese, Peruvian, nor Egyptian varieties proved valuable 

 on tlie station farm. 



- Cowpeas, LI. N. Starnes {Georgia iSta. Bui. 2G, pp. 163-1S5, Jigs. 

 85). — Exjierinieuts eondiicted on cowpeas in 1894 consisted of fertilizer 

 tests, variety tests, and a conn)arison of badly discolored, slightly dis- 

 colored, and perfect seed. The main pur[»ose of the fertilizer exi)eri- 

 ment was to determine the relative values of Florida soft phosphate 

 and superphosphate, alone and in different combinations. The follow- 

 ing is the author's summary: 



"(1) It is money thrown away to apply any form of nitrogenous fertilizer to the 

 cow pea. . . . 



'• (2) The use of potash salts in large quantities is unprofitable, and even in small 

 quantities will not pay in the oak and hickory region of the South. Ou other than 

 oak and hickory lands small doses niiiy prove profitable in conjunction with acid 

 phosphate, and the longer the land has been in cultivation the greater becomes this 

 probability, even in the oak and hickory belt. 



" (3) Heavy applications of any form or combination of fertilizers are unprofitable. 



"(4) The moderate use of i>liosphates [alone] appears still to return the best 

 results from an economical standpoint. 



"(5) As between superphosphate (acid phosphate) and Florida soft phosphate 

 (nnacidnlated ground rock) results indicate decided preference for the former, so far 

 as the growth of vines is concerned. 



" (6) There is less difference observable between the two in the formation of peas, 

 though superphosphate still appears to be preferable. 



"(7) The fifiely pulverized condition of soft phosphate is a great objection to its 

 use. rendering it extremely difficult to handle without loss. 



"(8) There is not a sufficient difference in price befween the two forms of phos- 

 phate to render soft phosphate at present an active competitor to acid phosphate, 

 unless the ascertained results were more emphatic in its favor. . . . 



"(9) The quantity of acid phosphate wliich may be safely depended upon differs, 

 of course, with the character of the land. The better the soil (in its mechanical 

 composition as well as in its chemical contents) the greater the amount that may be 

 profitably used. A range of from 200 to 400 lbs. per acre will probably cover all con- 

 tingencies." 



The 46 varieties grown at the station in 1894 are described and 

 figured. Cow[)eas are classified according to the form of the pea, habit 

 of growth, time of maturity, color of pod, color of peas, size of pod, 

 a:.d size of peas. Two forms of cowpea are described, the Crowder and 

 Kiduey types. In habit of growth the varieties are classified as follows: 

 l(i352— No. 9 4 



