994 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The European larch as a timbei tree, N. A. Reeves (Trans. loiia Hort. Sor. 1S9.T. 

 pp. 176, 177). — A brief note on a Liri^e planting of larches made some 20 years before, 

 the trees being favorably regarded for their rapid growth, beauty, and timber value. 



Evergreens for shelter belts, C. F. Gakuner (Trans. Iowa Hort. Soc. 189S,pp, 

 90-92). — The author advises the planting of evergreen Irees as protection against 

 winds, Norway spruces being especially recommended for the purpose. 



Notes on rubber-yielding trees (Bui. Bot. Dept. Jamaica, n. »,, 2 (1895), No. 3, 

 pp. S1-S8). 



DISEASES OF PLANTS. 



Field experiments with fungicides, B. D. Halsted {New Jersey 

 Stas. Bnl 108, pp. 32, dgms. 2). 



Synopsis. — A report is given of field experiments with fungicides for the control of 

 the diseases of turnips, cabbagej tomatoes, potatoes, and beans. 



A prelimiuary report of tbis paper was read before tlie section on 

 liorticulture and botany of the Association of American Agiicultnral 

 Colleges and Experiment Stations at its meeting in November, 1894, a 

 brief abstract being given in E. S. E., 6, p. 267. 



The experiments were conducted on an acre, equal portions of which 

 were devoted to each crop. Diagrams are given of the area used in 

 the exiieriments, showing the manner in which it was divided. Each 

 of the one fifth acre j)ortions, called series, was divided into 4 plats, 

 and these in turn were divided into 6 equal belts. In this way 

 adjacent portions of essentially the same character could be used for 

 check and test experiments. 



Experiments with turnips (pp. 6-14). — The soil selected was badly 

 infected with the club root fungus [Plasmodiopliora hrassicce), a badly 

 affected crop of turnips having grown upon it the year before. Two 

 crops of turnips were grown and before the seed was sown the soil 

 received treatments of air-slacked lime, gas lin)e, kainit, and wood ashes 

 in different amounts, and on the cnltural belt accompanying every plat 

 were used corrosive sublimate, Bordeaux mixture, and ammoniacal cop- 

 per carbonate. In the treatment of the first crop the applications to the 

 belts were as follows: Air-slacked lime 150, 75, and 37^ bu. per acre; 

 gas lime 75, 37^, and 18| bu. i)er acre; kainit 1,920, 900, and 480 lbs. per 

 acre; and wood ashes 150, 75, and 37^ bu. per acre. The fungicides used 

 were applied as follows: Corrosive sublimate, 900 gal. of a 2^^^^^ percent 

 solution i^er acre; Bordeaux mixture, one half strength, 000 gal. per 

 acre, and one half strength ammoniacal copper carbonate, 900 gal. per 

 acre. In belt 4 the plants were sprayed once in 20 days witJi Bordeaux 

 mixture. Where the full strength of lime was used much of the seed 

 failed to germinate. The gas lime seemed to retard growth to a con- 

 siderable degree, and kainit, in all strengths used, proved detrimental 

 to germination. Wood ashes did not affect germination, and the 

 plants growing in tlie belts receiving it grew more rapidly than the 

 others. Five weeks after the seed was sown the presence of club 

 root was shown to some degree and it spread rapidly from that time on. 



