204 



fereiioe l)et\veen two varieties would make a difference of .^:i9,< lOO.OOO if applied 

 to the annual crop of the United States. Differences, not beyond control, would 

 jnake a difterence of g;8.()00,(t00 to .$!).00(>.0(>0 in the annual value of the croj). 



(14) Tbo^e varieties whicli contained the hi^'lier per cent of kernel in the 

 berry of the seed sown, contained, on an avei'age. the higher per cent in the 

 crop and gave the larger yields. 



(15) On the whole, it is doubtful whether there was any relation between the 

 per cent of kernel in the berry and the weight per bushel, the color, weight, or 

 plumpness of the berry. If any such relation existed, those varieties with long, 

 slender berries, with lighter berries, and with the less weight per bushel yielded 

 the highest per cent of kernel. 



(16) While it appeal's from the data obtained that it is especi.-illy desirable to 

 sow varieties of oats whose l)erries contain a large per cent of kernel, this qual- 

 ity, with our present knowledge, can only be known by direct determination. 



(17) The 29 varieties of oats procured for seed from the leading seedsmen of 

 the United States ^^•ere practically free from foreign seeds and other imjjurities. 



(18) On an average. 93 per cent of the berries sprouted. In 15 varieties 95 or 

 more i)er cent sprouted, while in 3 varieties less than 80 per cent sprouted. 



(19) If future investigation confirms the experiments just recorded, the prac- 

 tical lesson will be to sow as early as practicable, in a uiedium loose seed bed; 

 to cover well, but not necessarily deep ; to use 2A to 3* bushels of seed per acre; 

 to ascertain the power of sprouting of the seed, and. if low and it is necessary to 

 sow it. to sow proportionately more; to sow white varieties which have been 

 found through a series of years to produce a good yield with a high percentage 

 of kernel to berry. 



INDIANA. 



Agricultural Experiment Station of Indiana. 



JhlKir/iifiif of I'lifdui- I jitn I'sifif. 

 Location. La Fayette. Director. Horace E. Stockluidge. I'll. D. 



BIJLLETIN No. 2(;. .JULY. 1889. 



Wheat ru.<^t, H. L. Bolley, M. S. (pp. 5-19), (illnstrated).— This 

 article opens with some g-eneral explanatory notes on ftuigi and on 

 the lo^s occasioned by ^vheat rust in England and the United States, 

 after which the species of fungi causing rust are described and dis- 

 cussed, W'ith special refei'ence to observations by the author. Condi- 

 tions aifecting the development of rust are also stated, with a view to 

 suggesting means for the prevention of this disease. The bulletin is 

 illustrated with cuts made from original drawings. 



The annual damage to wheat from rust in Indiana alone is esti- 

 mated to exceed $800,000. Besides the direct damage rust may so 

 weaken the plant that it will be more easily injured by frost. 



Threa species of fungi, Pucehiia grcmiims, P. coronata^ and P. 

 rvhif/o-rera^ may cause rust on wheat. '' The last two species do not 

 in their mature form rupture the surface covering of the plant, but 

 jDroduce the spores {teleutosjwres) under the ejDidermis, and are there- 

 fore less easily visible; yet their development is none the less exten- 

 sive. xVll three of these species are also common to oats, barle3\ rye, 

 and various of the grasses. Many grasses are also subject to other 

 sj)ecies peculiar to themselves. Every farmer has in these rusts dan- 



