207 



each of which involvos, iiiiioug other ci'oj's. one of whent aTid two of grass (tini- 

 otliy and chjver) hi the rotation. The entire crop of gvain. straw, stalks, hay, 

 cli-.. has htvii i-cniovcd in cvciv case. Xo manure lias liecn vised on either series 

 lor nine years at least, and i)rol)ahly not tor a ninch longer time. In all respects, 

 except the order id' cropping, the treatment of the two series has heeu exactly 

 the same. <irass and clover tiierefore constituted the essential difference 

 lietweeii the series. 



The avei-ng-c yield per acre for the hist three years has been as fol- 

 h)\vs: "First series, grain ci'ojjs only. 10.7 hnsliels: second series, 

 ivrain and grass crops, 15..") bushels: gain from rotation cropping, 4.8 

 bushels." The yiehls of corn and oats also show the benefit of rota- 

 tion. TJie snial]n(>ss of the yiekls is due to the absence of manure. 



S(/f/ffe-stlons to ir'K'dt f/roicei's. — The following practical sugges- 

 tions are based on the (experience with wheat at the Station: 



•• (1) Sow less wheat; grow more grass nnd better live stock. 



" (*2) Select a hardy, prolific wheat, adapted to vour soil, and stick 

 to it. (live it good treatment and it will not •run out." Sow not less 

 than G pecks of sound seed to the acre. 



"(8) Plow wheat ground early and harrow immediately. You caii 

 thus more easily and more thoroughly pulverize the soil. 



•■ (4) If ground breaks up cloddy, use heavy roll, alternating with 

 some form of harrow or cultivator that will bring clods to the surface. 



" (;■)) If manure or fertilizers are used, mix thoroughly with soil 

 in every case. Use only rotted manure, if any, and a])ply after plow- 

 ing. Reserve the fresh manure for the corn crop. 



" (G) Before trying a fertilizer get the experience and achice of 

 farmers whose soils are similar to your own. 



•* (7) Test the untried brands carefully, in a small way. before 

 deciding upon their extensive use. This is the best coiu'.se. for even 

 the highest grades often act very differently on different soils. 



*' (8) Adopt a rotation of cro])s suited to your soil and needs. It 

 will (1) increa.'^e the yield and imjji-ove the quality of your crops; 

 (■2) enal)le you to take l)etter care of your live stock; (:>) prevent 

 serious insect de))redati()ns and fungous diseases; (4) imi)rove your 

 soil and make it more lasting, and (.")) put money in your pocket. 



"• (D) Px'ar in mind that soils and climate viwy greatly in different 

 localities and that these potent factors in crop ])roduction will ver}^ 

 materially affect the results of your work. Therefore study youi* local 

 conditions, and intelligently a[)ply the lessons of this bulletin only so 

 far as they may be suited to your needs and surroiuidings." 



\\'<<i//irr suiniind')/ from ffuiv 1, ISiSS, to June 80, 1889. 

 rdid.irnx no. 2s. SKrxKMr.ER. isso. 



S^IIT (IF WIIKAT A.NU OATS. J. V. AltTIll 1!. D. Sc. ( p]). 8-28). ( illus- 



ti'ated). — This is a us-.^ful summary of what is k'nown on this subject 

 with practical directions to aid farmers in combating the evil. Both 

 lilack and stinking smut are discussed, but chiefl}^ the latter. Indeed 



